Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study
Abstract Background The effect of HIV infection on the nutritional status of patients has been widely known for several years, as well as the synergy between the infection and the conditions of poverty in developing countries. However, particular communities like pastoralists in underdeveloped count...
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2025-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23275-1 |
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| author | Tagese Yakob Awoke Abraham Abraham Bezabih Mesfin Manza Jaldo Begidu Yakob Eskinder Israel |
| author_facet | Tagese Yakob Awoke Abraham Abraham Bezabih Mesfin Manza Jaldo Begidu Yakob Eskinder Israel |
| author_sort | Tagese Yakob |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The effect of HIV infection on the nutritional status of patients has been widely known for several years, as well as the synergy between the infection and the conditions of poverty in developing countries. However, particular communities like pastoralists in underdeveloped countries live in a unique crossroad where challenges related to HIV prevention and control, and vulnerability to the disease exacerbate each other. Thus information from such range of contexts is valuable in addressing the complicated medical condition resulting from the combination of HIV infection and malnutrition. This study therefore aimed to assess the nutritional status and its associated factors among HIV infected children from pastoral zones of south Ethiopia. Methods Multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 399 HIV-positive ≤ 15 year children. Data were collected systematically from selected participants by using interviewer administered structured and pre-tested questionnaires. We used Epi-data version 4.1 for data entry and SPSS Version 25for data analysis. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance with the corresponding 95% confidence interval. The goodness of fit (GOF) of the model was checked using Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The p-value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test of this model is p-value greater than 0.05 which confirms that the model is correctly specified. Results The magnitude of underweight (weight-for-age z-score ≤ -2) was found to be 50.1%, 95% CI (0.45–0.55).In the multi-variable analysis, the mothers ‘age of15 to 18 years(AOR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.10–3.71), mother’s exposure to mass media(AOR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.05–2.39), household food insecurity(AOR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.18–3.13) and having history of Oropharyngeal disease(AOR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.01–2.39) were significantly associated with being underweight. Conclusion The prevalence found in this study was high when compared with the local studies. Policies and intervention strategies aimed at improving childhood nutrition and health should address the identified determinant factors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fe4578e64e3e443c9b41edfbf6bd2a2e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-fe4578e64e3e443c9b41edfbf6bd2a2e2025-08-20T03:16:56ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-05-0125111010.1186/s12889-025-23275-1Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional studyTagese Yakob0Awoke Abraham1Abraham Bezabih2Mesfin Manza Jaldo3Begidu Yakob4Eskinder Israel5School of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo UniversitySchool of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo UniversityRegional Multisectoral Nutrition Advisor, South Regional StateSchool of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, wachemo UniversityMonitoring and Evaluation Directorate Officer, Wolaita Zone Health DepartmentSchool of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo UniversityAbstract Background The effect of HIV infection on the nutritional status of patients has been widely known for several years, as well as the synergy between the infection and the conditions of poverty in developing countries. However, particular communities like pastoralists in underdeveloped countries live in a unique crossroad where challenges related to HIV prevention and control, and vulnerability to the disease exacerbate each other. Thus information from such range of contexts is valuable in addressing the complicated medical condition resulting from the combination of HIV infection and malnutrition. This study therefore aimed to assess the nutritional status and its associated factors among HIV infected children from pastoral zones of south Ethiopia. Methods Multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 399 HIV-positive ≤ 15 year children. Data were collected systematically from selected participants by using interviewer administered structured and pre-tested questionnaires. We used Epi-data version 4.1 for data entry and SPSS Version 25for data analysis. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance with the corresponding 95% confidence interval. The goodness of fit (GOF) of the model was checked using Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The p-value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test of this model is p-value greater than 0.05 which confirms that the model is correctly specified. Results The magnitude of underweight (weight-for-age z-score ≤ -2) was found to be 50.1%, 95% CI (0.45–0.55).In the multi-variable analysis, the mothers ‘age of15 to 18 years(AOR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.10–3.71), mother’s exposure to mass media(AOR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.05–2.39), household food insecurity(AOR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.18–3.13) and having history of Oropharyngeal disease(AOR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.01–2.39) were significantly associated with being underweight. Conclusion The prevalence found in this study was high when compared with the local studies. Policies and intervention strategies aimed at improving childhood nutrition and health should address the identified determinant factors.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23275-1UnderweightAnti-retroviralPediatricsHIV/AIDSPastoralist |
| spellingShingle | Tagese Yakob Awoke Abraham Abraham Bezabih Mesfin Manza Jaldo Begidu Yakob Eskinder Israel Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study BMC Public Health Underweight Anti-retroviral Pediatrics HIV/AIDS Pastoralist |
| title | Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Determinants of underweight among HIV-Infected children in pastoral communities of Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | determinants of underweight among hiv infected children in pastoral communities of southern ethiopia a facility based cross sectional study |
| topic | Underweight Anti-retroviral Pediatrics HIV/AIDS Pastoralist |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23275-1 |
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