Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review
Abstract Background Children and adolescents are at increased risk of progressing from latent to active tuberculosis (TB). The 3-month, once-weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) regimen offers a shorter tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) option. However, evidence regarding its completion rate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10832-7 |
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| author | Sipang Pangprasertkul Nida Buawangpong Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish Wichuda Jiraporncharoen Chaisiri Angkurawaranon |
| author_facet | Sipang Pangprasertkul Nida Buawangpong Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish Wichuda Jiraporncharoen Chaisiri Angkurawaranon |
| author_sort | Sipang Pangprasertkul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Children and adolescents are at increased risk of progressing from latent to active tuberculosis (TB). The 3-month, once-weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) regimen offers a shorter tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) option. However, evidence regarding its completion rates and safety in these populations remains limited. Objective To evaluate treatment completion rates and adverse events associated with the 3HP regimen in children and adolescents. Methods A systematic review of studies evaluated the 3HP regimen in children and adolescents with LTBI was conducted. Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were searched to identify relevant studies. Data on treatment completion rates and adverse events were extracted and analyzed descriptively. Results Ten studies involving children and adolescents aged 0–20 years were reviewed. Treatment completion rates were higher with 3HP regimen ranged from 70.9 to 100%, with a favorable safety profile. Mild adverse events, including nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, were reported, with no serious adverse events or hepatotoxicity observed. Conclusions The 3HP regimen demonstrates high completion rates and safety profile in children and adolescents with LTBI, highlighting its suitability for this population. Expanding its implementation in programmatic settings is crucial to advancing global TB elimination. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fe40ad1faa70433a9de2e371fb802f2f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-fe40ad1faa70433a9de2e371fb802f2f2025-08-20T02:49:29ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-03-0125111010.1186/s12879-025-10832-7Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic reviewSipang Pangprasertkul0Nida Buawangpong1Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish2Wichuda Jiraporncharoen3Chaisiri Angkurawaranon4Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai UniversityAbstract Background Children and adolescents are at increased risk of progressing from latent to active tuberculosis (TB). The 3-month, once-weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) regimen offers a shorter tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) option. However, evidence regarding its completion rates and safety in these populations remains limited. Objective To evaluate treatment completion rates and adverse events associated with the 3HP regimen in children and adolescents. Methods A systematic review of studies evaluated the 3HP regimen in children and adolescents with LTBI was conducted. Databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were searched to identify relevant studies. Data on treatment completion rates and adverse events were extracted and analyzed descriptively. Results Ten studies involving children and adolescents aged 0–20 years were reviewed. Treatment completion rates were higher with 3HP regimen ranged from 70.9 to 100%, with a favorable safety profile. Mild adverse events, including nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, were reported, with no serious adverse events or hepatotoxicity observed. Conclusions The 3HP regimen demonstrates high completion rates and safety profile in children and adolescents with LTBI, highlighting its suitability for this population. Expanding its implementation in programmatic settings is crucial to advancing global TB elimination.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10832-7Latent tuberculosis infectionTuberculosis preventive treatmentRifapentine and Isoniazid3HPChildren and adolescents |
| spellingShingle | Sipang Pangprasertkul Nida Buawangpong Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish Wichuda Jiraporncharoen Chaisiri Angkurawaranon Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review BMC Infectious Diseases Latent tuberculosis infection Tuberculosis preventive treatment Rifapentine and Isoniazid 3HP Children and adolescents |
| title | Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review |
| title_full | Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review |
| title_short | Treatment completion and safety profile of once-weekly 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents: a systematic review |
| title_sort | treatment completion and safety profile of once weekly 3hp regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in children and adolescents a systematic review |
| topic | Latent tuberculosis infection Tuberculosis preventive treatment Rifapentine and Isoniazid 3HP Children and adolescents |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10832-7 |
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