Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study
Background. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex disorders where the pathogenesis is not fully understood. Several proinflammatory and immunoinflammatory disturbances have been observed in the etiology of ASD. There is, however, limited knowledge on variations of adipokines in ASD. The prese...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Neurology Research International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9060751 |
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| author | Mohammad Ali Ghaffari Elham Mousavinejad Forough Riahi Masoumeh Mousavinejad Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh |
| author_facet | Mohammad Ali Ghaffari Elham Mousavinejad Forough Riahi Masoumeh Mousavinejad Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh |
| author_sort | Mohammad Ali Ghaffari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex disorders where the pathogenesis is not fully understood. Several proinflammatory and immunoinflammatory disturbances have been observed in the etiology of ASD. There is, however, limited knowledge on variations of adipokines in ASD. The present study aimed to analyze the serum levels of resistin, visfatin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in children with ASD in relation to body weight, gender, and ASD severity level. Method. In total, 30 children with ASD (mean age: 7.72±2.65 y; range; 4–12 y) and 30 healthy children (mean age: 8.4±2.66 y; range: 4–12 y), including males and females, were matched for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Serum samples were collected, and visfatin, resistin, and TNF-α serum levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Result. Serum visfatin, resistin, and TNF-α levels in children with ASD were significantly higher than that in the healthy patients (p<0.05). Two significant correlations were found: a correlation between resistin and visfatin with TNF-α in children with ASD (R = 0.8 and R = 0.62, resp.) and a correlation between resistin and visfatin in children with ASD (R = 0.66). Conclusion. Higher TNF-α, resistin, and visfatin levels were found in children with ASD in comparison with controls, suggesting that elevated levels of serum proinflammatory agents may be implicated in the pathophysiology of ASD. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fe0272a72efe4fff9d806abcd3463507 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-1852 2090-1860 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neurology Research International |
| spelling | doaj-art-fe0272a72efe4fff9d806abcd34635072025-08-20T03:25:46ZengWileyNeurology Research International2090-18522090-18602016-01-01201610.1155/2016/90607519060751Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control StudyMohammad Ali Ghaffari0Elham Mousavinejad1Forough Riahi2Masoumeh Mousavinejad3Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh4Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranBiochemistry Department, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranCentre for Stem Cell Biology (CSCB), Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UKBiochemistry Department, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranBackground. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex disorders where the pathogenesis is not fully understood. Several proinflammatory and immunoinflammatory disturbances have been observed in the etiology of ASD. There is, however, limited knowledge on variations of adipokines in ASD. The present study aimed to analyze the serum levels of resistin, visfatin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in children with ASD in relation to body weight, gender, and ASD severity level. Method. In total, 30 children with ASD (mean age: 7.72±2.65 y; range; 4–12 y) and 30 healthy children (mean age: 8.4±2.66 y; range: 4–12 y), including males and females, were matched for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). Serum samples were collected, and visfatin, resistin, and TNF-α serum levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Result. Serum visfatin, resistin, and TNF-α levels in children with ASD were significantly higher than that in the healthy patients (p<0.05). Two significant correlations were found: a correlation between resistin and visfatin with TNF-α in children with ASD (R = 0.8 and R = 0.62, resp.) and a correlation between resistin and visfatin in children with ASD (R = 0.66). Conclusion. Higher TNF-α, resistin, and visfatin levels were found in children with ASD in comparison with controls, suggesting that elevated levels of serum proinflammatory agents may be implicated in the pathophysiology of ASD.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9060751 |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Ali Ghaffari Elham Mousavinejad Forough Riahi Masoumeh Mousavinejad Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study Neurology Research International |
| title | Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full | Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study |
| title_short | Increased Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, Resistin, and Visfatin in the Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case-Control Study |
| title_sort | increased serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha resistin and visfatin in the children with autism spectrum disorders a case control study |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9060751 |
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