Role of PPARs in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury

Whole-brain irradiation (WBI) represents the primary mode of treatment for brain metastases; about 200 000 patients receive WBI each year in the USA. Up to 50% of adult and 100% of pediatric brain cancer patients who survive >6 months post-WBI will suffer from a progressive, cognitive impairment....

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Main Authors: Sriram Ramanan, Weiling Zhao, David R. Riddle, Mike E. Robbins
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2010-01-01
Series:PPAR Research
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/234975
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author Sriram Ramanan
Weiling Zhao
David R. Riddle
Mike E. Robbins
author_facet Sriram Ramanan
Weiling Zhao
David R. Riddle
Mike E. Robbins
author_sort Sriram Ramanan
collection DOAJ
description Whole-brain irradiation (WBI) represents the primary mode of treatment for brain metastases; about 200 000 patients receive WBI each year in the USA. Up to 50% of adult and 100% of pediatric brain cancer patients who survive >6 months post-WBI will suffer from a progressive, cognitive impairment. At present, there are no proven long-term treatments or preventive strategies for this significant radiation-induced late effect. Recent studies suggest that the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury involves WBI-mediated increases in oxidative stress and/or inflammatory responses in the brain. Therefore, anti-inflammatory strategies can be employed to modulate radiation-induced brain injury. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the steroid/thyroid hormone nuclear receptor superfamily. Although traditionally known to play a role in metabolism, increasing evidence suggests a role for PPARs in regulating the response to inflammation and oxidative injury. PPAR agonists have been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier and confer neuroprotection in animal models of CNS disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. However, the role of PPARs in radiation-induced brain injury is unclear. In this manuscript, we review the current knowledge and the emerging insights about the role of PPARs in modulating radiation-induced brain injury.
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spelling doaj-art-fe01ecba0d7e4821a8a1067f7917ca682025-08-20T02:22:33ZengWileyPPAR Research1687-47571687-47652010-01-01201010.1155/2010/234975234975Role of PPARs in Radiation-Induced Brain InjurySriram Ramanan0Weiling Zhao1David R. Riddle2Mike E. Robbins3Department of Cancer Biology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USABrain Tumor Center of Excellence, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USABrain Tumor Center of Excellence, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USABrain Tumor Center of Excellence, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USAWhole-brain irradiation (WBI) represents the primary mode of treatment for brain metastases; about 200 000 patients receive WBI each year in the USA. Up to 50% of adult and 100% of pediatric brain cancer patients who survive >6 months post-WBI will suffer from a progressive, cognitive impairment. At present, there are no proven long-term treatments or preventive strategies for this significant radiation-induced late effect. Recent studies suggest that the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury involves WBI-mediated increases in oxidative stress and/or inflammatory responses in the brain. Therefore, anti-inflammatory strategies can be employed to modulate radiation-induced brain injury. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the steroid/thyroid hormone nuclear receptor superfamily. Although traditionally known to play a role in metabolism, increasing evidence suggests a role for PPARs in regulating the response to inflammation and oxidative injury. PPAR agonists have been shown to cross the blood-brain barrier and confer neuroprotection in animal models of CNS disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. However, the role of PPARs in radiation-induced brain injury is unclear. In this manuscript, we review the current knowledge and the emerging insights about the role of PPARs in modulating radiation-induced brain injury.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/234975
spellingShingle Sriram Ramanan
Weiling Zhao
David R. Riddle
Mike E. Robbins
Role of PPARs in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
PPAR Research
title Role of PPARs in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
title_full Role of PPARs in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
title_fullStr Role of PPARs in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
title_full_unstemmed Role of PPARs in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
title_short Role of PPARs in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
title_sort role of ppars in radiation induced brain injury
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/234975
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