<i>In Silico</i> Analysis and Transcriptional Profiling of A Putative Metalloprotease ADAMTSL as A Potential Tick Antigen against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i>
The cattle tick, <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i>, is the most significant ectoparasite in the cattle industry. The application of acaricides constitutes the main control method. However, inadequate treatments have serious drawbacks, including the appearance of multi-resistant ticks. Tick...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Cesar Onoshi Sedano-Juarez Ninnet Gómez-Romero Miguel Ángel Alonso-Díaz América Ivette Barrera-Molina David Emanuel Reyes-Guerrero Rodolfo Lagunes-Quintanilla |
| author_facet | Cesar Onoshi Sedano-Juarez Ninnet Gómez-Romero Miguel Ángel Alonso-Díaz América Ivette Barrera-Molina David Emanuel Reyes-Guerrero Rodolfo Lagunes-Quintanilla |
| author_sort | Cesar Onoshi Sedano-Juarez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cattle tick, <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i>, is the most significant ectoparasite in the cattle industry. The application of acaricides constitutes the main control method. However, inadequate treatments have serious drawbacks, including the appearance of multi-resistant ticks. Tick vaccines offer a safe and economically sustainable alternative for controlling <i>R. microplus</i>. Nevertheless, the efficacy of existing vaccines has been limited by polymorphisms in target antigens among strains from different geographical regions. In this study, we characterized a putative Metalloprotease from the ADAMTSL family. We analyzed three regions to evaluate their transcriptional profiling in different <i>R. microplus</i> tick tissues, using two constitutive genes (<i>β-tubulin</i> and <i>Elfa-1</i>) as references. The expression levels showed that ADAMTSL-R1 was upregulated 39.37-fold (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) in salivary glands. The ADAMTSL-R2 showed the highest expression, rising 7.69-fold (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) in ovaries and up to 59.39-fold (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) in egg mass. Furthermore, this region showed the highest level of conservation among <i>Rhipicephalus</i> isolates. The ADAMTSL-R3 was upregulated only in the egg mass. The results of this study provide a basis for future research focused on elucidating the role of these protein variants in tick biology, including their feeding mechanisms and potential implications in pathogen transmission. Understanding these factors may aid in developing an effective tick vaccine. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fdcc150c936f487481e44d44ce8ff947 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-fdcc150c936f487481e44d44ce8ff9472025-08-20T03:12:09ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-02-0114219010.3390/pathogens14020190<i>In Silico</i> Analysis and Transcriptional Profiling of A Putative Metalloprotease ADAMTSL as A Potential Tick Antigen against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i>Cesar Onoshi Sedano-Juarez0Ninnet Gómez-Romero1Miguel Ángel Alonso-Díaz2América Ivette Barrera-Molina3David Emanuel Reyes-Guerrero4Rodolfo Lagunes-Quintanilla5Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad de México 04510, MexicoDepartamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad de México 04510, MexicoCentro de Enseñanza, Investigación y Extensión en Ganadería Tropical, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km. 5.5 Carretera Federal Tlapacoyan-Martínez de La Torre, Martínez de La Torre 93600, MexicoFacultad de Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Calle Ixtaccíhuatl 100, Vista Hermosa, Cuernavaca 62350, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad—INIFAP, Carretera Federal Cuernavaca—Cuautla 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad—INIFAP, Carretera Federal Cuernavaca—Cuautla 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, MexicoThe cattle tick, <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i>, is the most significant ectoparasite in the cattle industry. The application of acaricides constitutes the main control method. However, inadequate treatments have serious drawbacks, including the appearance of multi-resistant ticks. Tick vaccines offer a safe and economically sustainable alternative for controlling <i>R. microplus</i>. Nevertheless, the efficacy of existing vaccines has been limited by polymorphisms in target antigens among strains from different geographical regions. In this study, we characterized a putative Metalloprotease from the ADAMTSL family. We analyzed three regions to evaluate their transcriptional profiling in different <i>R. microplus</i> tick tissues, using two constitutive genes (<i>β-tubulin</i> and <i>Elfa-1</i>) as references. The expression levels showed that ADAMTSL-R1 was upregulated 39.37-fold (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) in salivary glands. The ADAMTSL-R2 showed the highest expression, rising 7.69-fold (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) in ovaries and up to 59.39-fold (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) in egg mass. Furthermore, this region showed the highest level of conservation among <i>Rhipicephalus</i> isolates. The ADAMTSL-R3 was upregulated only in the egg mass. The results of this study provide a basis for future research focused on elucidating the role of these protein variants in tick biology, including their feeding mechanisms and potential implications in pathogen transmission. Understanding these factors may aid in developing an effective tick vaccine.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/2/190anti-tick vaccineADAMTSLrelative expression<i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> |
| spellingShingle | Cesar Onoshi Sedano-Juarez Ninnet Gómez-Romero Miguel Ángel Alonso-Díaz América Ivette Barrera-Molina David Emanuel Reyes-Guerrero Rodolfo Lagunes-Quintanilla <i>In Silico</i> Analysis and Transcriptional Profiling of A Putative Metalloprotease ADAMTSL as A Potential Tick Antigen against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Pathogens anti-tick vaccine ADAMTSL relative expression <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> |
| title | <i>In Silico</i> Analysis and Transcriptional Profiling of A Putative Metalloprotease ADAMTSL as A Potential Tick Antigen against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> |
| title_full | <i>In Silico</i> Analysis and Transcriptional Profiling of A Putative Metalloprotease ADAMTSL as A Potential Tick Antigen against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> |
| title_fullStr | <i>In Silico</i> Analysis and Transcriptional Profiling of A Putative Metalloprotease ADAMTSL as A Potential Tick Antigen against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>In Silico</i> Analysis and Transcriptional Profiling of A Putative Metalloprotease ADAMTSL as A Potential Tick Antigen against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> |
| title_short | <i>In Silico</i> Analysis and Transcriptional Profiling of A Putative Metalloprotease ADAMTSL as A Potential Tick Antigen against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> |
| title_sort | i in silico i analysis and transcriptional profiling of a putative metalloprotease adamtsl as a potential tick antigen against i rhipicephalus microplus i |
| topic | anti-tick vaccine ADAMTSL relative expression <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/2/190 |
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