Characterization of Metabolites of Leonurine (SCM-198) in Rats after Oral Administration by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR Spectrometry

Leonurine, a major bioactive component from Herba Leonuri, shows therapeutic potential for cardiovascular disease and stroke prevention in some preclinical experiments. The aim of this study is to characterize metabolites of leonurine in rats using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Qing Zhu, Jinlian Zhang, Ping Yang, Bo Tan, Xinhua Liu, Yuanting Zheng, Weimin Cai, Yizhun Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2014-01-01
Series:The Scientific World Journal
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/947946
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849469484767641600
author Qing Zhu
Jinlian Zhang
Ping Yang
Bo Tan
Xinhua Liu
Yuanting Zheng
Weimin Cai
Yizhun Zhu
author_facet Qing Zhu
Jinlian Zhang
Ping Yang
Bo Tan
Xinhua Liu
Yuanting Zheng
Weimin Cai
Yizhun Zhu
author_sort Qing Zhu
collection DOAJ
description Leonurine, a major bioactive component from Herba Leonuri, shows therapeutic potential for cardiovascular disease and stroke prevention in some preclinical experiments. The aim of this study is to characterize metabolites of leonurine in rats using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). The chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column using a gradient elution with acetonitrile/ammonium acetate buffer (10 mM, pH 4.0) solvent system. An information dependent acquisition (IDA) method was developed for screening and identifying metabolites of leonurine under positive ion mode. Compared with control, the interesting compound in the extracted ion chromatogram (XIC) of the in vivo samples was chosen and further identified by analyzing their retention times, changes in observed mass (Δm/z), and spectral patterns of product ion utilizing advanced software tool. For the first time, a total of three metabolites were identified, including two phase II metabolites generated by glucuronidation (M1) and sulfation (M2) and one phase I metabolite formed by O-demethylation (M3). Finally, the lead metabolite M1 was isolated from urine and its structure was characterized as leonurine-10-O-β-D-glucuronide by NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, HMBC, and HSQC).
format Article
id doaj-art-fdc14825ed08405ea438f88b464d558a
institution Kabale University
issn 2356-6140
1537-744X
language English
publishDate 2014-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series The Scientific World Journal
spelling doaj-art-fdc14825ed08405ea438f88b464d558a2025-08-20T03:25:27ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal2356-61401537-744X2014-01-01201410.1155/2014/947946947946Characterization of Metabolites of Leonurine (SCM-198) in Rats after Oral Administration by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR SpectrometryQing Zhu0Jinlian Zhang1Ping Yang2Bo Tan3Xinhua Liu4Yuanting Zheng5Weimin Cai6Yizhun Zhu7School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, ChinaAnalytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, ChinaAnalytical and Testing Center, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, ChinaLeonurine, a major bioactive component from Herba Leonuri, shows therapeutic potential for cardiovascular disease and stroke prevention in some preclinical experiments. The aim of this study is to characterize metabolites of leonurine in rats using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). The chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column using a gradient elution with acetonitrile/ammonium acetate buffer (10 mM, pH 4.0) solvent system. An information dependent acquisition (IDA) method was developed for screening and identifying metabolites of leonurine under positive ion mode. Compared with control, the interesting compound in the extracted ion chromatogram (XIC) of the in vivo samples was chosen and further identified by analyzing their retention times, changes in observed mass (Δm/z), and spectral patterns of product ion utilizing advanced software tool. For the first time, a total of three metabolites were identified, including two phase II metabolites generated by glucuronidation (M1) and sulfation (M2) and one phase I metabolite formed by O-demethylation (M3). Finally, the lead metabolite M1 was isolated from urine and its structure was characterized as leonurine-10-O-β-D-glucuronide by NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, HMBC, and HSQC).http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/947946
spellingShingle Qing Zhu
Jinlian Zhang
Ping Yang
Bo Tan
Xinhua Liu
Yuanting Zheng
Weimin Cai
Yizhun Zhu
Characterization of Metabolites of Leonurine (SCM-198) in Rats after Oral Administration by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR Spectrometry
The Scientific World Journal
title Characterization of Metabolites of Leonurine (SCM-198) in Rats after Oral Administration by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR Spectrometry
title_full Characterization of Metabolites of Leonurine (SCM-198) in Rats after Oral Administration by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR Spectrometry
title_fullStr Characterization of Metabolites of Leonurine (SCM-198) in Rats after Oral Administration by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR Spectrometry
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of Metabolites of Leonurine (SCM-198) in Rats after Oral Administration by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR Spectrometry
title_short Characterization of Metabolites of Leonurine (SCM-198) in Rats after Oral Administration by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry and NMR Spectrometry
title_sort characterization of metabolites of leonurine scm 198 in rats after oral administration by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and nmr spectrometry
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/947946
work_keys_str_mv AT qingzhu characterizationofmetabolitesofleonurinescm198inratsafteroraladministrationbyliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometryandnmrspectrometry
AT jinlianzhang characterizationofmetabolitesofleonurinescm198inratsafteroraladministrationbyliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometryandnmrspectrometry
AT pingyang characterizationofmetabolitesofleonurinescm198inratsafteroraladministrationbyliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometryandnmrspectrometry
AT botan characterizationofmetabolitesofleonurinescm198inratsafteroraladministrationbyliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometryandnmrspectrometry
AT xinhualiu characterizationofmetabolitesofleonurinescm198inratsafteroraladministrationbyliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometryandnmrspectrometry
AT yuantingzheng characterizationofmetabolitesofleonurinescm198inratsafteroraladministrationbyliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometryandnmrspectrometry
AT weimincai characterizationofmetabolitesofleonurinescm198inratsafteroraladministrationbyliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometryandnmrspectrometry
AT yizhunzhu characterizationofmetabolitesofleonurinescm198inratsafteroraladministrationbyliquidchromatographytandemmassspectrometryandnmrspectrometry