No Phoria

Purpose: Cover-Uncover test is used to examine for phoria or tropia. It is believed that most eyes are orthophoric or heterophoric, however we believe that there is always tropia, if a proper careful cover test is done. Design: Prospective observational study Methods: Visibly orthophoric cases witho...

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Main Authors: Virendra K Pal, Ajai Agrawal, Suwarna Suman, VB Pratap
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2012-10-01
Series:Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.7869/djo.2012.51
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author Virendra K Pal
Ajai Agrawal
Suwarna Suman
VB Pratap
author_facet Virendra K Pal
Ajai Agrawal
Suwarna Suman
VB Pratap
author_sort Virendra K Pal
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: Cover-Uncover test is used to examine for phoria or tropia. It is believed that most eyes are orthophoric or heterophoric, however we believe that there is always tropia, if a proper careful cover test is done. Design: Prospective observational study Methods: Visibly orthophoric cases without any ocular pathology were included and were examined by correct method of cover test by all authors and collected data were analyzed. Results: One thousand cases of 5-20 years age group, with 682 males and 318 females were included in this study. Cover test revealed a small angle deviation in all cases with exotropia commoner than esotropia. Small angle deviations were usually 2-10 prism diopters (PD), and no associated ocular pathology was present in microtropia. No phoria was present in any case. Conclusion: All eyes have tropias and no phorias are normally present.
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institution OA Journals
issn 0972-0200
2454-2784
language English
publishDate 2012-10-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
spelling doaj-art-fdaec2d21bfe47b2bab37f39d0412e152025-08-20T01:48:57ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsDelhi Journal of Ophthalmology0972-02002454-27842012-10-0123210510810.7869/djo.2012.51No PhoriaVirendra K PalAjai AgrawalSuwarna SumanVB PratapPurpose: Cover-Uncover test is used to examine for phoria or tropia. It is believed that most eyes are orthophoric or heterophoric, however we believe that there is always tropia, if a proper careful cover test is done. Design: Prospective observational study Methods: Visibly orthophoric cases without any ocular pathology were included and were examined by correct method of cover test by all authors and collected data were analyzed. Results: One thousand cases of 5-20 years age group, with 682 males and 318 females were included in this study. Cover test revealed a small angle deviation in all cases with exotropia commoner than esotropia. Small angle deviations were usually 2-10 prism diopters (PD), and no associated ocular pathology was present in microtropia. No phoria was present in any case. Conclusion: All eyes have tropias and no phorias are normally present.https://journals.lww.com/10.7869/djo.2012.51phoriatropiastrabismus
spellingShingle Virendra K Pal
Ajai Agrawal
Suwarna Suman
VB Pratap
No Phoria
Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
phoria
tropia
strabismus
title No Phoria
title_full No Phoria
title_fullStr No Phoria
title_full_unstemmed No Phoria
title_short No Phoria
title_sort no phoria
topic phoria
tropia
strabismus
url https://journals.lww.com/10.7869/djo.2012.51
work_keys_str_mv AT virendrakpal nophoria
AT ajaiagrawal nophoria
AT suwarnasuman nophoria
AT vbpratap nophoria