HRR-Based Calibration of an FDS Model for Office Fire Simulations Using Full-Scale Wood Crib Experiments
This study deals with the simulation of office fires by combining large-scale experiments with nine wooden cribs and a carefully calibrated computer model. It shows how real fire conditions, reaching up to 800–1000 °C, could be reproduced experimentally. The numerical model was validated by comparin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6909 |
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| author | Iulian-Cristian Ene Vlad Iordache Mihai Dima Ion Anghel |
| author_facet | Iulian-Cristian Ene Vlad Iordache Mihai Dima Ion Anghel |
| author_sort | Iulian-Cristian Ene |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study deals with the simulation of office fires by combining large-scale experiments with nine wooden cribs and a carefully calibrated computer model. It shows how real fire conditions, reaching up to 800–1000 °C, could be reproduced experimentally. The numerical model was validated by comparing HRR and temperature data with real measurements. Accuracy was assessed using error metrics to ensure that the simulation closely approximates real fire behavior. The method of determining HRR through mass loss has been used in prior studies, but those typically involved small-scale setups and limited fire loads. Unlike most approaches in the field, this research is based on a full-scale experiment involving nine wooden cribs, offering superior realism and thermal intensity. The experimental data—temperature evolution, HRR, and observed destructive effects—were used to calibrate the FDS model. The strength of the study lies in the repeatability and accuracy of the simulation, its practical relevance, and its potential to improve fire safety evaluations for office spaces. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fd82ef04cd3440dbad29c319cac6af3a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-fd82ef04cd3440dbad29c319cac6af3a2025-08-20T03:26:20ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-06-011512690910.3390/app15126909HRR-Based Calibration of an FDS Model for Office Fire Simulations Using Full-Scale Wood Crib ExperimentsIulian-Cristian Ene0Vlad Iordache1Mihai Dima2Ion Anghel3CAMBI Research Center and Doctoral School, Faculty of Building Services Engineering, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, 020396 Bucharest, RomaniaCAMBI Research Center and Doctoral School, Faculty of Building Services Engineering, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, 020396 Bucharest, RomaniaCAMBI Research Center and Doctoral School, Faculty of Building Services Engineering, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, 020396 Bucharest, RomaniaFire Officers Faculty, Police Academy, 022451 Bucharest, RomaniaThis study deals with the simulation of office fires by combining large-scale experiments with nine wooden cribs and a carefully calibrated computer model. It shows how real fire conditions, reaching up to 800–1000 °C, could be reproduced experimentally. The numerical model was validated by comparing HRR and temperature data with real measurements. Accuracy was assessed using error metrics to ensure that the simulation closely approximates real fire behavior. The method of determining HRR through mass loss has been used in prior studies, but those typically involved small-scale setups and limited fire loads. Unlike most approaches in the field, this research is based on a full-scale experiment involving nine wooden cribs, offering superior realism and thermal intensity. The experimental data—temperature evolution, HRR, and observed destructive effects—were used to calibrate the FDS model. The strength of the study lies in the repeatability and accuracy of the simulation, its practical relevance, and its potential to improve fire safety evaluations for office spaces.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6909full-scale experimentHRR calibrationmass loss ratestatistical error measures |
| spellingShingle | Iulian-Cristian Ene Vlad Iordache Mihai Dima Ion Anghel HRR-Based Calibration of an FDS Model for Office Fire Simulations Using Full-Scale Wood Crib Experiments Applied Sciences full-scale experiment HRR calibration mass loss rate statistical error measures |
| title | HRR-Based Calibration of an FDS Model for Office Fire Simulations Using Full-Scale Wood Crib Experiments |
| title_full | HRR-Based Calibration of an FDS Model for Office Fire Simulations Using Full-Scale Wood Crib Experiments |
| title_fullStr | HRR-Based Calibration of an FDS Model for Office Fire Simulations Using Full-Scale Wood Crib Experiments |
| title_full_unstemmed | HRR-Based Calibration of an FDS Model for Office Fire Simulations Using Full-Scale Wood Crib Experiments |
| title_short | HRR-Based Calibration of an FDS Model for Office Fire Simulations Using Full-Scale Wood Crib Experiments |
| title_sort | hrr based calibration of an fds model for office fire simulations using full scale wood crib experiments |
| topic | full-scale experiment HRR calibration mass loss rate statistical error measures |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/12/6909 |
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