Estimating the Health-Related Quality of Life Benefit of Prophylactic Treatment for COVID-19 in Immunocompromised People: A Multimethod Valuation Study
**Background:** Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for COVID-19 provides additional protection, beyond vaccines alone, for individuals who are immunocompromised (IC). This may reduce the need for preventative behavioral modification, such as shielding—a behavioral restriction limiting an IC individual...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Columbia Data Analytics, LLC
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.36469/001c.120605 |
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| _version_ | 1823860320048775168 |
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| author | Katy Gallop Rebekah Hall Michael Watt Daniel Squirrell Neil Branscombe Sofie Arnetop Andrew Lloyd |
| author_facet | Katy Gallop Rebekah Hall Michael Watt Daniel Squirrell Neil Branscombe Sofie Arnetop Andrew Lloyd |
| author_sort | Katy Gallop |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | **Background:** Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for COVID-19 provides additional protection, beyond vaccines alone, for individuals who are immunocompromised (IC). This may reduce the need for preventative behavioral modification, such as shielding—a behavioral restriction limiting an IC individual to minimize face-to-face interactions and/or crowded places. Therefore, PrEP may improve psychosocial well-being and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for individuals with IC conditions.
**Objective:** To estimate the potential HRQoL and utility benefit of PrEP for prevention of COVID-19 in individuals with IC conditions who may not have an adequate response of full vaccination (and therefore are at “highest risk” of severe COVID-19) that can be used in future economic evaluations of preventative therapies against COVID-19.
**Methods:** Vignettes describing HRQoL associated with 2 pre-PrEP states (shielding and semi-shielding behavioral restrictions) and a post-PrEP state were developed from a literature review and tested through interviews with clinicians (n = 4) and individuals with IC conditions (n = 10). Vignettes were valued by a general population sample (N = 100) using a visual analog scale (VAS), time trade-off (TTO), and EQ-5D-5L. A sample of individuals with IC conditions (n = 48) valued their current HRQoL and a post-PrEP vignette using VAS and EQ-5D-5L.
**Results:** Individuals with IC conditions reported a mean current EQ-5D-5L score of 0.574, and 0.656 for post-PrEP based on the vignette. PrEP would lead to behavior changes for 75% (30/40) of individuals with IC conditions and an emotional benefit for 93% (37/40) of individuals with IC conditions. Mean values from the general population valuation based on EQ-5D-5L ranged from 0.606 (“shielding”) to 0.932 (“post-PrEP”).
**Conclusion:** This study quantified the expected health state utility benefit of reduced psychosocial burden and behavioral restriction. PrEP would potentially result in a utility gain between 0.082 and 0.326, dependent on valuation approach and expected change in behavioral restrictions, leading to improvements in daily activities and emotional well-being. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fd3c0822e84c4d04a2ab5fb62ba8b7b4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2327-2236 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
| publisher | Columbia Data Analytics, LLC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-fd3c0822e84c4d04a2ab5fb62ba8b7b42025-02-10T16:13:30ZengColumbia Data Analytics, LLCJournal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research2327-22362024-07-01112Estimating the Health-Related Quality of Life Benefit of Prophylactic Treatment for COVID-19 in Immunocompromised People: A Multimethod Valuation StudyKaty GallopRebekah HallMichael WattDaniel SquirrellNeil BranscombeSofie ArnetopAndrew Lloyd**Background:** Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for COVID-19 provides additional protection, beyond vaccines alone, for individuals who are immunocompromised (IC). This may reduce the need for preventative behavioral modification, such as shielding—a behavioral restriction limiting an IC individual to minimize face-to-face interactions and/or crowded places. Therefore, PrEP may improve psychosocial well-being and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for individuals with IC conditions. **Objective:** To estimate the potential HRQoL and utility benefit of PrEP for prevention of COVID-19 in individuals with IC conditions who may not have an adequate response of full vaccination (and therefore are at “highest risk” of severe COVID-19) that can be used in future economic evaluations of preventative therapies against COVID-19. **Methods:** Vignettes describing HRQoL associated with 2 pre-PrEP states (shielding and semi-shielding behavioral restrictions) and a post-PrEP state were developed from a literature review and tested through interviews with clinicians (n = 4) and individuals with IC conditions (n = 10). Vignettes were valued by a general population sample (N = 100) using a visual analog scale (VAS), time trade-off (TTO), and EQ-5D-5L. A sample of individuals with IC conditions (n = 48) valued their current HRQoL and a post-PrEP vignette using VAS and EQ-5D-5L. **Results:** Individuals with IC conditions reported a mean current EQ-5D-5L score of 0.574, and 0.656 for post-PrEP based on the vignette. PrEP would lead to behavior changes for 75% (30/40) of individuals with IC conditions and an emotional benefit for 93% (37/40) of individuals with IC conditions. Mean values from the general population valuation based on EQ-5D-5L ranged from 0.606 (“shielding”) to 0.932 (“post-PrEP”). **Conclusion:** This study quantified the expected health state utility benefit of reduced psychosocial burden and behavioral restriction. PrEP would potentially result in a utility gain between 0.082 and 0.326, dependent on valuation approach and expected change in behavioral restrictions, leading to improvements in daily activities and emotional well-being.https://doi.org/10.36469/001c.120605 |
| spellingShingle | Katy Gallop Rebekah Hall Michael Watt Daniel Squirrell Neil Branscombe Sofie Arnetop Andrew Lloyd Estimating the Health-Related Quality of Life Benefit of Prophylactic Treatment for COVID-19 in Immunocompromised People: A Multimethod Valuation Study Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research |
| title | Estimating the Health-Related Quality of Life Benefit of Prophylactic Treatment for COVID-19 in Immunocompromised People: A Multimethod Valuation Study |
| title_full | Estimating the Health-Related Quality of Life Benefit of Prophylactic Treatment for COVID-19 in Immunocompromised People: A Multimethod Valuation Study |
| title_fullStr | Estimating the Health-Related Quality of Life Benefit of Prophylactic Treatment for COVID-19 in Immunocompromised People: A Multimethod Valuation Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimating the Health-Related Quality of Life Benefit of Prophylactic Treatment for COVID-19 in Immunocompromised People: A Multimethod Valuation Study |
| title_short | Estimating the Health-Related Quality of Life Benefit of Prophylactic Treatment for COVID-19 in Immunocompromised People: A Multimethod Valuation Study |
| title_sort | estimating the health related quality of life benefit of prophylactic treatment for covid 19 in immunocompromised people a multimethod valuation study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.36469/001c.120605 |
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