Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, emerged in December 2019, sparking a global health crisis. While initially recognized as a respiratory illness, it has become evident that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also affects the central nervous system. T...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Neuroscience Insights |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/26331055241265668 |
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| author | Mary Hollist Abraham Hollist Katherine Au Colton Betts Maha Kirmani Maaida Kirmani Benjamin Armour Mercy C Udeh Batool F Kirmani |
| author_facet | Mary Hollist Abraham Hollist Katherine Au Colton Betts Maha Kirmani Maaida Kirmani Benjamin Armour Mercy C Udeh Batool F Kirmani |
| author_sort | Mary Hollist |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, emerged in December 2019, sparking a global health crisis. While initially recognized as a respiratory illness, it has become evident that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also affects the central nervous system. This comprehensive review focuses on the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and its impact on patients with preexisting neurological disorders, particularly those with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving disease-modifying therapies. Advancements in management, including vaccinations, antiviral therapy, and targeted prophylaxis, have led to a decline in the incidence and severity of COVID-19. Nevertheless, significant complications persist, particularly in patients with advanced MS, who are highly vulnerable to infectious agents like SARS-CoV-2. This review explores the evolving understanding of MS and its association with SARS-CoV-2, encompassing neuroinvasiveness, pathogenesis, disease severity, and outcomes. Research findings reveal substantial neurological implications for some MS patients with COVID-19, with a potential risk of disease relapse and severity. A notable proportion of MS patients experiencing COVID-19 may manifest new symptoms, experience exacerbation of existing symptoms, or encounter both simultaneously, underscoring the diverse neurological effects of the virus. While vaccination and therapeutics have mitigated the overall impact, specific subgroups, especially those on anti-CD20 therapy and with existing disability, remain at higher risk, necessitating ongoing vigilance and tailored care. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fd000f4065f94a90bf49c56bc201d627 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2633-1055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neuroscience Insights |
| spelling | doaj-art-fd000f4065f94a90bf49c56bc201d6272025-08-20T02:37:24ZengSAGE PublishingNeuroscience Insights2633-10552024-09-011910.1177/26331055241265668Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying TherapiesMary Hollist0Abraham Hollist1Katherine Au2Colton Betts3Maha Kirmani4Maaida Kirmani5Benjamin Armour6Mercy C Udeh7Batool F Kirmani8Atrium Health, Concord, NC, USAOptimal Health Medical Center, Miami, FL, USALoudoun Medical Group, Ashburn, VA, USATexas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USATexas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USANeuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USAMichigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USAUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine—Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USADepartment of Neurology, CHI St. Joseph Health, Bryan, TX, USASevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, emerged in December 2019, sparking a global health crisis. While initially recognized as a respiratory illness, it has become evident that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also affects the central nervous system. This comprehensive review focuses on the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 and its impact on patients with preexisting neurological disorders, particularly those with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving disease-modifying therapies. Advancements in management, including vaccinations, antiviral therapy, and targeted prophylaxis, have led to a decline in the incidence and severity of COVID-19. Nevertheless, significant complications persist, particularly in patients with advanced MS, who are highly vulnerable to infectious agents like SARS-CoV-2. This review explores the evolving understanding of MS and its association with SARS-CoV-2, encompassing neuroinvasiveness, pathogenesis, disease severity, and outcomes. Research findings reveal substantial neurological implications for some MS patients with COVID-19, with a potential risk of disease relapse and severity. A notable proportion of MS patients experiencing COVID-19 may manifest new symptoms, experience exacerbation of existing symptoms, or encounter both simultaneously, underscoring the diverse neurological effects of the virus. While vaccination and therapeutics have mitigated the overall impact, specific subgroups, especially those on anti-CD20 therapy and with existing disability, remain at higher risk, necessitating ongoing vigilance and tailored care.https://doi.org/10.1177/26331055241265668 |
| spellingShingle | Mary Hollist Abraham Hollist Katherine Au Colton Betts Maha Kirmani Maaida Kirmani Benjamin Armour Mercy C Udeh Batool F Kirmani Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies Neuroscience Insights |
| title | Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies |
| title_full | Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies |
| title_fullStr | Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies |
| title_short | Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19: An Overview on Risk, Severity, and Association With Disease Modifying Therapies |
| title_sort | multiple sclerosis and covid 19 an overview on risk severity and association with disease modifying therapies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/26331055241265668 |
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