A Multiyear Record of Rainfall and Ionic Composition along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto Rico
Abstract This study analyzes multiyear data recorded by 21 stations along an elevation gradient (0–1045 m a.s.l.) in the Luquillo Mountains on the rainfall and the rainwater chemistry. The total ionic concentration and the rainwater volume exhibited an inverse exponential relationship, with the corr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.200582 |
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| author | Elvis Torres-Delgado Grizelle González Ernesto Medina María M. Rivera |
| author_facet | Elvis Torres-Delgado Grizelle González Ernesto Medina María M. Rivera |
| author_sort | Elvis Torres-Delgado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study analyzes multiyear data recorded by 21 stations along an elevation gradient (0–1045 m a.s.l.) in the Luquillo Mountains on the rainfall and the rainwater chemistry. The total ionic concentration and the rainwater volume exhibited an inverse exponential relationship, with the correlation coefficients ranging from –0.66 to –0.90. Furthermore, the rainfall tended to increase with the elevation, although a few stations, owing to their geographical location and their exposure to the prevailing winds, departed from this trend. The ionic composition also displayed clear seasonality: Contributions from African crustal aerosols and, to a lesser degree, North American anthropogenic aerosols were observed during summer and winter, respectively, whereas marine aerosols were influential year-round. Finally, the annual loads (kg ha−1 y−1) first increased for all of the species, except PO43– and K+, from the lowland to the cloud formation levels (by 47–121%) and then decreased for all of them, except PO43– and NO3−, at the altitudes above. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fc4393900b6446a4b26a145f41878cdd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-fc4393900b6446a4b26a145f41878cdd2025-02-09T12:19:46ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092021-02-0121611210.4209/aaqr.200582A Multiyear Record of Rainfall and Ionic Composition along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto RicoElvis Torres-Delgado0Grizelle González1Ernesto Medina2María M. Rivera3Department of Environmental Science, University of Puerto RicoInternational Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Jardín Botánico SurInternational Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Jardín Botánico SurInternational Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Jardín Botánico SurAbstract This study analyzes multiyear data recorded by 21 stations along an elevation gradient (0–1045 m a.s.l.) in the Luquillo Mountains on the rainfall and the rainwater chemistry. The total ionic concentration and the rainwater volume exhibited an inverse exponential relationship, with the correlation coefficients ranging from –0.66 to –0.90. Furthermore, the rainfall tended to increase with the elevation, although a few stations, owing to their geographical location and their exposure to the prevailing winds, departed from this trend. The ionic composition also displayed clear seasonality: Contributions from African crustal aerosols and, to a lesser degree, North American anthropogenic aerosols were observed during summer and winter, respectively, whereas marine aerosols were influential year-round. Finally, the annual loads (kg ha−1 y−1) first increased for all of the species, except PO43– and K+, from the lowland to the cloud formation levels (by 47–121%) and then decreased for all of them, except PO43– and NO3−, at the altitudes above.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.200582Precipitation chemistryLuquillo Experimental ForestRainforest hydrologyTropical forestNutrient deposition |
| spellingShingle | Elvis Torres-Delgado Grizelle González Ernesto Medina María M. Rivera A Multiyear Record of Rainfall and Ionic Composition along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto Rico Aerosol and Air Quality Research Precipitation chemistry Luquillo Experimental Forest Rainforest hydrology Tropical forest Nutrient deposition |
| title | A Multiyear Record of Rainfall and Ionic Composition along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto Rico |
| title_full | A Multiyear Record of Rainfall and Ionic Composition along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto Rico |
| title_fullStr | A Multiyear Record of Rainfall and Ionic Composition along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto Rico |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Multiyear Record of Rainfall and Ionic Composition along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto Rico |
| title_short | A Multiyear Record of Rainfall and Ionic Composition along an Elevation Gradient in Northeastern Puerto Rico |
| title_sort | multiyear record of rainfall and ionic composition along an elevation gradient in northeastern puerto rico |
| topic | Precipitation chemistry Luquillo Experimental Forest Rainforest hydrology Tropical forest Nutrient deposition |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.200582 |
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