Postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors in a South African cohort of African ancestry
Introduction This study aimed to, first, determine the clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors associated with postprandial glucose (PPG) and, second to evaluate the variation these clusters account for jointly and independently with polygenic risk scores (PRSs) in South...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2024-04-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| Online Access: | https://drc.bmj.com/content/12/2/e003927.full |
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| author | Lisa K Micklesfield Tinashe Chikowore Julia H Goedecke Michèle Ramsay Bontle Masango Karl-Heinz Storbeck |
| author_facet | Lisa K Micklesfield Tinashe Chikowore Julia H Goedecke Michèle Ramsay Bontle Masango Karl-Heinz Storbeck |
| author_sort | Lisa K Micklesfield |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction This study aimed to, first, determine the clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors associated with postprandial glucose (PPG) and, second to evaluate the variation these clusters account for jointly and independently with polygenic risk scores (PRSs) in South Africans of African ancestry men and women.Research design and methods PPG was calculated as the integrated area under the curve for glucose during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using the trapezoidal rule in 794 participants from the Middle-aged Soweto Cohort. Principal component analysis was used to cluster sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors, stratified by sex. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the proportion of variance in PPG accounted for by principal components (PCs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) PRS while adjusting for selected covariates in men and women.Results The T2D PRS did not contribute to the PPG variability in both men and women. In men, the PCs’ cluster of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic explained 10.6% of the variance in PPG, with PC1 (peripheral fat), PC2 (liver enzymes and steroid hormones), and PC3 (lipids and peripheral fat) contributing significantly to PPG. In women, PC factors of sex hormones, cardiometabolic factors, and liver enzymes explained a similar amount of the variance in PPG (10.8%), with PC1 (central fat) and PC2 (lipids and liver enzymes) contributing significantly to PPG.Conclusions We demonstrated that inter-individual differences in PPG responses to an OGTT may be differentially explained by body fat distribution, serum lipids, liver enzymes, and steroid hormones in men and women. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fbe1bc1224bc4b3fa19fccd6e8c745de |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2052-4897 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| spelling | doaj-art-fbe1bc1224bc4b3fa19fccd6e8c745de2025-08-20T02:50:44ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care2052-48972024-04-0112210.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003927Postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors in a South African cohort of African ancestryLisa K Micklesfield0Tinashe Chikowore1Julia H Goedecke2Michèle Ramsay3Bontle Masango4Karl-Heinz Storbeck5SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg-Braamfontein, Gauteng, South AfricaSouth African Medical Research Council/University of the Witwatersrand, Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit (DPHRU), University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa2 Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre (HPALS), FIMS International Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South AfricaSydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South AfricaDivision of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South AfricaIntroduction This study aimed to, first, determine the clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors associated with postprandial glucose (PPG) and, second to evaluate the variation these clusters account for jointly and independently with polygenic risk scores (PRSs) in South Africans of African ancestry men and women.Research design and methods PPG was calculated as the integrated area under the curve for glucose during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using the trapezoidal rule in 794 participants from the Middle-aged Soweto Cohort. Principal component analysis was used to cluster sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors, stratified by sex. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the proportion of variance in PPG accounted for by principal components (PCs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) PRS while adjusting for selected covariates in men and women.Results The T2D PRS did not contribute to the PPG variability in both men and women. In men, the PCs’ cluster of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic explained 10.6% of the variance in PPG, with PC1 (peripheral fat), PC2 (liver enzymes and steroid hormones), and PC3 (lipids and peripheral fat) contributing significantly to PPG. In women, PC factors of sex hormones, cardiometabolic factors, and liver enzymes explained a similar amount of the variance in PPG (10.8%), with PC1 (central fat) and PC2 (lipids and liver enzymes) contributing significantly to PPG.Conclusions We demonstrated that inter-individual differences in PPG responses to an OGTT may be differentially explained by body fat distribution, serum lipids, liver enzymes, and steroid hormones in men and women.https://drc.bmj.com/content/12/2/e003927.full |
| spellingShingle | Lisa K Micklesfield Tinashe Chikowore Julia H Goedecke Michèle Ramsay Bontle Masango Karl-Heinz Storbeck Postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors in a South African cohort of African ancestry BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care |
| title | Postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors in a South African cohort of African ancestry |
| title_full | Postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors in a South African cohort of African ancestry |
| title_fullStr | Postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors in a South African cohort of African ancestry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors in a South African cohort of African ancestry |
| title_short | Postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones, liver enzymes, and cardiometabolic factors in a South African cohort of African ancestry |
| title_sort | postprandial glucose variability and clusters of sex hormones liver enzymes and cardiometabolic factors in a south african cohort of african ancestry |
| url | https://drc.bmj.com/content/12/2/e003927.full |
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