Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicans

The biofilm formation of Candida albicans, a major human fungal pathogen, represents a crucial virulence factor during candidiasis. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, has emerged as a potential antibiofilm agent against C. albicans. Herein, we aim to investigate the antifunga...

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Main Authors: Shuai Wang, Shiwang Xie, Tianmeng Li, Jun Liu, Peng Wang, Yu Wang, Li Gu, Dan Luo, Ming Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Biofilm
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000765
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author Shuai Wang
Shiwang Xie
Tianmeng Li
Jun Liu
Peng Wang
Yu Wang
Li Gu
Dan Luo
Ming Wei
author_facet Shuai Wang
Shiwang Xie
Tianmeng Li
Jun Liu
Peng Wang
Yu Wang
Li Gu
Dan Luo
Ming Wei
author_sort Shuai Wang
collection DOAJ
description The biofilm formation of Candida albicans, a major human fungal pathogen, represents a crucial virulence factor during candidiasis. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, has emerged as a potential antibiofilm agent against C. albicans. Herein, we aim to investigate the antifungal effect of EPA (1 mM) on the mature biofilm of C. albicans and explore the underlying mechanism. Crystal violet and XTT assays showed that EPA exerted a strong inhibitory efficacy on preformed biofilms in C. albicans. Biofilm architecture and cell viability were observed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, indicating that EPA could block the yeast-to-hypha transition and damage the structure, thereby exhibiting antibiofilm activity. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that EPA treatment led to the downregulation of genes associated with hyphal formation and biofilm development. From the signaling pathway perspective, EPA regulated the C. albicans biofilms involving two signaling pathways, namely, Ras1-cAMP-PKA and Cek-MAPK pathways. Additionally, the EPA could effectively reduce the production of key messenger cAMP in the Ras1-cAMP-PKA pathway. Interestingly, in response to EPA, ergosterol biosynthesis-related genes were down-regulated, indicating EPA as antifungal agent might reduce the risk of developing drug resistance. The findings of this study highlight the potential of EPA as an alternative or adjunctive antibiofilm agent against C. albicans-related infections.
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spelling doaj-art-fbcfa65afcf64423aa1d7559014789462025-08-20T02:53:09ZengElsevierBiofilm2590-20752025-06-01910025110.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100251Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicansShuai Wang0Shiwang Xie1Tianmeng Li2Jun Liu3Peng Wang4Yu Wang5Li Gu6Dan Luo7Ming Wei8Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Corresponding author.Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Corresponding author.The biofilm formation of Candida albicans, a major human fungal pathogen, represents a crucial virulence factor during candidiasis. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, has emerged as a potential antibiofilm agent against C. albicans. Herein, we aim to investigate the antifungal effect of EPA (1 mM) on the mature biofilm of C. albicans and explore the underlying mechanism. Crystal violet and XTT assays showed that EPA exerted a strong inhibitory efficacy on preformed biofilms in C. albicans. Biofilm architecture and cell viability were observed using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, indicating that EPA could block the yeast-to-hypha transition and damage the structure, thereby exhibiting antibiofilm activity. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that EPA treatment led to the downregulation of genes associated with hyphal formation and biofilm development. From the signaling pathway perspective, EPA regulated the C. albicans biofilms involving two signaling pathways, namely, Ras1-cAMP-PKA and Cek-MAPK pathways. Additionally, the EPA could effectively reduce the production of key messenger cAMP in the Ras1-cAMP-PKA pathway. Interestingly, in response to EPA, ergosterol biosynthesis-related genes were down-regulated, indicating EPA as antifungal agent might reduce the risk of developing drug resistance. The findings of this study highlight the potential of EPA as an alternative or adjunctive antibiofilm agent against C. albicans-related infections.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000765Candida albicansCandidemiaBiofilmEPATranscriptome
spellingShingle Shuai Wang
Shiwang Xie
Tianmeng Li
Jun Liu
Peng Wang
Yu Wang
Li Gu
Dan Luo
Ming Wei
Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicans
Biofilm
Candida albicans
Candidemia
Biofilm
EPA
Transcriptome
title Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicans
title_full Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicans
title_fullStr Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicans
title_full_unstemmed Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicans
title_short Eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of Candida albicans
title_sort eicosapentaenoic acid as an antibiofilm agent disrupts mature biofilms of candida albicans
topic Candida albicans
Candidemia
Biofilm
EPA
Transcriptome
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207524000765
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