From stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior: Gay, bisexual, and queer men's longitudinal narratives of shifts in PrEP-related stigma over time

For many gay, bisexual, and queer men (GBQM), using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been extremely stigmatizing. Our objective was to trace changes in PrEP stigma within the accounts of GBQM in Canada, many with experience using this highly effective form of biomedical HIV prevention. We con...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Daniel Grace, Emerich Daroya, Jad Sinno, Mark Gaspar, Alex Wells, Mark Hull, Nathan Lachowsky, Darrell H.S. Tan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-12-01
Series:SSM: Qualitative Research in Health
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667321525000952
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849228340165083136
author Daniel Grace
Emerich Daroya
Jad Sinno
Mark Gaspar
Alex Wells
Mark Hull
Nathan Lachowsky
Darrell H.S. Tan
author_facet Daniel Grace
Emerich Daroya
Jad Sinno
Mark Gaspar
Alex Wells
Mark Hull
Nathan Lachowsky
Darrell H.S. Tan
author_sort Daniel Grace
collection DOAJ
description For many gay, bisexual, and queer men (GBQM), using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been extremely stigmatizing. Our objective was to trace changes in PrEP stigma within the accounts of GBQM in Canada, many with experience using this highly effective form of biomedical HIV prevention. We conducted annual longitudinal qualitative interviews with 46 HIV-negative GBQM living in Ontario or British Columbia, Canada. A total of 128 in-depth interviews were conducted over three years (2020–2022), transcribed verbatim, and coded in NVivo using reflexive thematic analysis. Most participants described experiencing little or no PrEP stigma in the last few years, attributing this to PrEP normalization within queer communities. PrEP stigma was not only commonly described as a thing of the past; the (reclaimed) trope of the ‘Truvada whore’ had been remade anew into the mainstreamed ‘responsible’ gay citizen. However, some men said PrEP stigma was still anticipated or enacted in social, sexual, and healthcare contexts. Although a few participants expressed recent concerns about being perceived as ‘slutty’ due to PrEP use, no one reported increased PrEP stigma over time nor linked stigma to PrEP discontinuation. For some participants, a new PrEP-related stigmatized status had emerged—the non-PrEP using sexually active GBQM as deviant and irresponsible. Rather than being conceived as static and individual processes, PrEP stigma must be understood as a dynamic and frequently resisted social phenomenon. While PrEP stigma remains, many GBQM noted a significant discursive transformation, storying PrEP use not as a stigmatized status but a responsibilized health behavior.
format Article
id doaj-art-fbac981275f84907aa4581acc2d60ea8
institution Kabale University
issn 2667-3215
language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series SSM: Qualitative Research in Health
spelling doaj-art-fbac981275f84907aa4581acc2d60ea82025-08-23T04:49:49ZengElsevierSSM: Qualitative Research in Health2667-32152025-12-01810061710.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100617From stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior: Gay, bisexual, and queer men's longitudinal narratives of shifts in PrEP-related stigma over timeDaniel Grace0Emerich Daroya1Jad Sinno2Mark Gaspar3Alex Wells4Mark Hull5Nathan Lachowsky6Darrell H.S. Tan7Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Corresponding author. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto Associate Professor and Canada Research Chair in Sexual and Gender Minority Health, 155 College Street, 5th Floor, Room 556, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaUniversity of Victoria, Victoria, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, CanadaUniversity of Victoria, Victoria, CanadaSt. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, CanadaFor many gay, bisexual, and queer men (GBQM), using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been extremely stigmatizing. Our objective was to trace changes in PrEP stigma within the accounts of GBQM in Canada, many with experience using this highly effective form of biomedical HIV prevention. We conducted annual longitudinal qualitative interviews with 46 HIV-negative GBQM living in Ontario or British Columbia, Canada. A total of 128 in-depth interviews were conducted over three years (2020–2022), transcribed verbatim, and coded in NVivo using reflexive thematic analysis. Most participants described experiencing little or no PrEP stigma in the last few years, attributing this to PrEP normalization within queer communities. PrEP stigma was not only commonly described as a thing of the past; the (reclaimed) trope of the ‘Truvada whore’ had been remade anew into the mainstreamed ‘responsible’ gay citizen. However, some men said PrEP stigma was still anticipated or enacted in social, sexual, and healthcare contexts. Although a few participants expressed recent concerns about being perceived as ‘slutty’ due to PrEP use, no one reported increased PrEP stigma over time nor linked stigma to PrEP discontinuation. For some participants, a new PrEP-related stigmatized status had emerged—the non-PrEP using sexually active GBQM as deviant and irresponsible. Rather than being conceived as static and individual processes, PrEP stigma must be understood as a dynamic and frequently resisted social phenomenon. While PrEP stigma remains, many GBQM noted a significant discursive transformation, storying PrEP use not as a stigmatized status but a responsibilized health behavior.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667321525000952StigmaHIV preventionGayBisexualand queer menPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
spellingShingle Daniel Grace
Emerich Daroya
Jad Sinno
Mark Gaspar
Alex Wells
Mark Hull
Nathan Lachowsky
Darrell H.S. Tan
From stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior: Gay, bisexual, and queer men's longitudinal narratives of shifts in PrEP-related stigma over time
SSM: Qualitative Research in Health
Stigma
HIV prevention
Gay
Bisexual
and queer men
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
title From stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior: Gay, bisexual, and queer men's longitudinal narratives of shifts in PrEP-related stigma over time
title_full From stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior: Gay, bisexual, and queer men's longitudinal narratives of shifts in PrEP-related stigma over time
title_fullStr From stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior: Gay, bisexual, and queer men's longitudinal narratives of shifts in PrEP-related stigma over time
title_full_unstemmed From stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior: Gay, bisexual, and queer men's longitudinal narratives of shifts in PrEP-related stigma over time
title_short From stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior: Gay, bisexual, and queer men's longitudinal narratives of shifts in PrEP-related stigma over time
title_sort from stigmatized status to responsibilized health behavior gay bisexual and queer men s longitudinal narratives of shifts in prep related stigma over time
topic Stigma
HIV prevention
Gay
Bisexual
and queer men
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667321525000952
work_keys_str_mv AT danielgrace fromstigmatizedstatustoresponsibilizedhealthbehaviorgaybisexualandqueermenslongitudinalnarrativesofshiftsinpreprelatedstigmaovertime
AT emerichdaroya fromstigmatizedstatustoresponsibilizedhealthbehaviorgaybisexualandqueermenslongitudinalnarrativesofshiftsinpreprelatedstigmaovertime
AT jadsinno fromstigmatizedstatustoresponsibilizedhealthbehaviorgaybisexualandqueermenslongitudinalnarrativesofshiftsinpreprelatedstigmaovertime
AT markgaspar fromstigmatizedstatustoresponsibilizedhealthbehaviorgaybisexualandqueermenslongitudinalnarrativesofshiftsinpreprelatedstigmaovertime
AT alexwells fromstigmatizedstatustoresponsibilizedhealthbehaviorgaybisexualandqueermenslongitudinalnarrativesofshiftsinpreprelatedstigmaovertime
AT markhull fromstigmatizedstatustoresponsibilizedhealthbehaviorgaybisexualandqueermenslongitudinalnarrativesofshiftsinpreprelatedstigmaovertime
AT nathanlachowsky fromstigmatizedstatustoresponsibilizedhealthbehaviorgaybisexualandqueermenslongitudinalnarrativesofshiftsinpreprelatedstigmaovertime
AT darrellhstan fromstigmatizedstatustoresponsibilizedhealthbehaviorgaybisexualandqueermenslongitudinalnarrativesofshiftsinpreprelatedstigmaovertime