Influence of Content and Type of Lanthanide on the Structure of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Covered Carbon Nanoflakes: The EPR and XPS Study
Synthesized Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (Ln = La, Nd or Gd) nanoparticles with sizes of 1–3 nm, 5–6 nm and 10–15 nm were stabilized by carbon nanoflakes (CNFs). The weight content of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in the Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/13/1016 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849703721952346112 |
|---|---|
| author | Serguei V. Savilov Evgeniya V. Suslova Alexander N. Ulyanov Konstantin I. Maslakov Sergey V. Maximov Denis A. Shashurin Georgy A. Chelkov |
| author_facet | Serguei V. Savilov Evgeniya V. Suslova Alexander N. Ulyanov Konstantin I. Maslakov Sergey V. Maximov Denis A. Shashurin Georgy A. Chelkov |
| author_sort | Serguei V. Savilov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Synthesized Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (Ln = La, Nd or Gd) nanoparticles with sizes of 1–3 nm, 5–6 nm and 10–15 nm were stabilized by carbon nanoflakes (CNFs). The weight content of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in the Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CNF composites was 20–50 wt. %, which makes these composites potentially suitable for practical use as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. The structure of CNFs and Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CNF composites was investigated by X-ray diffraction data, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The EPR spectra of raw CNFs were silent. The oxidation of the CNF surface resulted in the appearance of paramagnetic centers associated with two types of unpaired electrons in the carbon support. After impregnation of the CNFs with the Ln<sup>3+</sup> ion solution, the number of unpaired electrons was reduced, presumably due to the formation of C–O–Ln bonds. All Ln<sup>3+</sup> ions changed the composites’ EPR spectra by reducing the number of unpaired electrons in the CNF structure. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fb52cccd67de401e82cfacb178c444e5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj-art-fb52cccd67de401e82cfacb178c444e52025-08-20T03:17:08ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912025-07-011513101610.3390/nano15131016Influence of Content and Type of Lanthanide on the Structure of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Covered Carbon Nanoflakes: The EPR and XPS StudySerguei V. Savilov0Evgeniya V. Suslova1Alexander N. Ulyanov2Konstantin I. Maslakov3Sergey V. Maximov4Denis A. Shashurin5Georgy A. Chelkov6Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaChemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaChemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaChemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaChemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaChemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaChemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaSynthesized Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (Ln = La, Nd or Gd) nanoparticles with sizes of 1–3 nm, 5–6 nm and 10–15 nm were stabilized by carbon nanoflakes (CNFs). The weight content of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in the Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CNF composites was 20–50 wt. %, which makes these composites potentially suitable for practical use as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. The structure of CNFs and Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CNF composites was investigated by X-ray diffraction data, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The EPR spectra of raw CNFs were silent. The oxidation of the CNF surface resulted in the appearance of paramagnetic centers associated with two types of unpaired electrons in the carbon support. After impregnation of the CNFs with the Ln<sup>3+</sup> ion solution, the number of unpaired electrons was reduced, presumably due to the formation of C–O–Ln bonds. All Ln<sup>3+</sup> ions changed the composites’ EPR spectra by reducing the number of unpaired electrons in the CNF structure.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/13/1016lanthanidesgadoliniumcarbon nanoflakeselectronic structureelectron paramagnetic resonanceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Serguei V. Savilov Evgeniya V. Suslova Alexander N. Ulyanov Konstantin I. Maslakov Sergey V. Maximov Denis A. Shashurin Georgy A. Chelkov Influence of Content and Type of Lanthanide on the Structure of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Covered Carbon Nanoflakes: The EPR and XPS Study Nanomaterials lanthanides gadolinium carbon nanoflakes electronic structure electron paramagnetic resonance X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| title | Influence of Content and Type of Lanthanide on the Structure of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Covered Carbon Nanoflakes: The EPR and XPS Study |
| title_full | Influence of Content and Type of Lanthanide on the Structure of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Covered Carbon Nanoflakes: The EPR and XPS Study |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Content and Type of Lanthanide on the Structure of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Covered Carbon Nanoflakes: The EPR and XPS Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Content and Type of Lanthanide on the Structure of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Covered Carbon Nanoflakes: The EPR and XPS Study |
| title_short | Influence of Content and Type of Lanthanide on the Structure of Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Covered Carbon Nanoflakes: The EPR and XPS Study |
| title_sort | influence of content and type of lanthanide on the structure of ln sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub covered carbon nanoflakes the epr and xps study |
| topic | lanthanides gadolinium carbon nanoflakes electronic structure electron paramagnetic resonance X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/13/1016 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sergueivsavilov influenceofcontentandtypeoflanthanideonthestructureoflnsub2subosub3subcoveredcarbonnanoflakestheeprandxpsstudy AT evgeniyavsuslova influenceofcontentandtypeoflanthanideonthestructureoflnsub2subosub3subcoveredcarbonnanoflakestheeprandxpsstudy AT alexandernulyanov influenceofcontentandtypeoflanthanideonthestructureoflnsub2subosub3subcoveredcarbonnanoflakestheeprandxpsstudy AT konstantinimaslakov influenceofcontentandtypeoflanthanideonthestructureoflnsub2subosub3subcoveredcarbonnanoflakestheeprandxpsstudy AT sergeyvmaximov influenceofcontentandtypeoflanthanideonthestructureoflnsub2subosub3subcoveredcarbonnanoflakestheeprandxpsstudy AT denisashashurin influenceofcontentandtypeoflanthanideonthestructureoflnsub2subosub3subcoveredcarbonnanoflakestheeprandxpsstudy AT georgyachelkov influenceofcontentandtypeoflanthanideonthestructureoflnsub2subosub3subcoveredcarbonnanoflakestheeprandxpsstudy |