Soluble CD146 in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Role and Diagnostic Potential

Heart failure (HF) remains a major global health challenge, driven by multifactorial pathophysiological processes, such as systemic congestion, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. While natriuretic peptides are well-established biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring HF, they do not fully ca...

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Main Authors: Daniela Mocan, Radu Jipa, Daniel Alexandru Jipa, Radu Ioan Lala, Maria Puschita, Florin-Claudiu Rasinar, Diana-Federica Balta, Iulia-Silvia Groza, Amelia Uzum
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Biomedicines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/6/1370
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author Daniela Mocan
Radu Jipa
Daniel Alexandru Jipa
Radu Ioan Lala
Maria Puschita
Florin-Claudiu Rasinar
Diana-Federica Balta
Iulia-Silvia Groza
Amelia Uzum
author_facet Daniela Mocan
Radu Jipa
Daniel Alexandru Jipa
Radu Ioan Lala
Maria Puschita
Florin-Claudiu Rasinar
Diana-Federica Balta
Iulia-Silvia Groza
Amelia Uzum
author_sort Daniela Mocan
collection DOAJ
description Heart failure (HF) remains a major global health challenge, driven by multifactorial pathophysiological processes, such as systemic congestion, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. While natriuretic peptides are well-established biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring HF, they do not fully capture the complexity of vascular involvement. CD146, also known as melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), is a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily expressed on endothelial cells and involved in cell adhesion, vascular permeability, and angiogenesis. Its soluble form (sCD146), released in response to multiple pathophysiological stimuli, including venous and arterial endothelial stretch, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokine activation, has emerged as a promising biomarker reflecting both hemodynamic congestion and systemic endothelial stress. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the structure, regulation, and release mechanisms of CD146 and explores its clinical utility in HF. Elevated sCD146 levels have been associated with echocardiographic and radiological indicators of congestion, as well as with adverse outcomes. While promising, its application is limited by variability, lack of standardization, and confounding elevations in non-cardiac conditions, including malignancy.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2227-9059
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publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Biomedicines
spelling doaj-art-fb4ab30bf69e4544b26db0fcf1b5c8aa2025-08-20T03:27:13ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-06-01136137010.3390/biomedicines13061370Soluble CD146 in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Role and Diagnostic PotentialDaniela Mocan0Radu Jipa1Daniel Alexandru Jipa2Radu Ioan Lala3Maria Puschita4Florin-Claudiu Rasinar5Diana-Federica Balta6Iulia-Silvia Groza7Amelia Uzum8Multidisciplinary Doctoral School, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, RomaniaDepartment of “Life Sciences”, Faculty of Medicine, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, Romania 86, Liviu Rebreanu Street, 310048 Arad, RomaniaDoctoral School, Victor Babes University of Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, RomaniaMultidisciplinary Doctoral School, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, RomaniaMultidisciplinary Doctoral School, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, RomaniaResearch Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, RomaniaMultidisciplinary Doctoral School, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, RomaniaArad County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 310037 Arad, RomaniaMultidisciplinary Doctoral School, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, RomaniaHeart failure (HF) remains a major global health challenge, driven by multifactorial pathophysiological processes, such as systemic congestion, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. While natriuretic peptides are well-established biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring HF, they do not fully capture the complexity of vascular involvement. CD146, also known as melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), is a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily expressed on endothelial cells and involved in cell adhesion, vascular permeability, and angiogenesis. Its soluble form (sCD146), released in response to multiple pathophysiological stimuli, including venous and arterial endothelial stretch, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokine activation, has emerged as a promising biomarker reflecting both hemodynamic congestion and systemic endothelial stress. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the structure, regulation, and release mechanisms of CD146 and explores its clinical utility in HF. Elevated sCD146 levels have been associated with echocardiographic and radiological indicators of congestion, as well as with adverse outcomes. While promising, its application is limited by variability, lack of standardization, and confounding elevations in non-cardiac conditions, including malignancy.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/6/1370sCD146heart failureendothelial dysfunctioncongestionbiomarkersMCAM
spellingShingle Daniela Mocan
Radu Jipa
Daniel Alexandru Jipa
Radu Ioan Lala
Maria Puschita
Florin-Claudiu Rasinar
Diana-Federica Balta
Iulia-Silvia Groza
Amelia Uzum
Soluble CD146 in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Role and Diagnostic Potential
Biomedicines
sCD146
heart failure
endothelial dysfunction
congestion
biomarkers
MCAM
title Soluble CD146 in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Role and Diagnostic Potential
title_full Soluble CD146 in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Role and Diagnostic Potential
title_fullStr Soluble CD146 in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Role and Diagnostic Potential
title_full_unstemmed Soluble CD146 in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Role and Diagnostic Potential
title_short Soluble CD146 in Heart Failure: Pathophysiological Role and Diagnostic Potential
title_sort soluble cd146 in heart failure pathophysiological role and diagnostic potential
topic sCD146
heart failure
endothelial dysfunction
congestion
biomarkers
MCAM
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/6/1370
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