Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of Fasciola hepatica

We investigated the isomiR profiles of the parasitic worm Fasciola hepatica across three developmental stages: newly excysted juveniles (NEJ), juveniles (JUV), and adults. Our analysis revealed a distinct shift in isomiR distribution during maturation, with NEJs exhibiting a higher abundance and div...

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Main Authors: Dayna Sais, Sumaiya Chowdhury, Phuong Thao Nguyen, Krystyna Cwiklinski, Trung Duc Nguyen, Tuan Anh Nguyen, John Dalton, Sheila Donnelly, Nham Tran
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:RNA Biology
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15476286.2025.2538271
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author Dayna Sais
Sumaiya Chowdhury
Phuong Thao Nguyen
Krystyna Cwiklinski
Trung Duc Nguyen
Tuan Anh Nguyen
John Dalton
Sheila Donnelly
Nham Tran
author_facet Dayna Sais
Sumaiya Chowdhury
Phuong Thao Nguyen
Krystyna Cwiklinski
Trung Duc Nguyen
Tuan Anh Nguyen
John Dalton
Sheila Donnelly
Nham Tran
author_sort Dayna Sais
collection DOAJ
description We investigated the isomiR profiles of the parasitic worm Fasciola hepatica across three developmental stages: newly excysted juveniles (NEJ), juveniles (JUV), and adults. Our analysis revealed a distinct shift in isomiR distribution during maturation, with NEJs exhibiting a higher abundance and diversity of isomiRs compared to later stages. Notably, isomiRs were often the dominant miRNA form in NEJs, whereas a transition to canonical miRNAs occurred as the parasite matured. This temporal variation suggests that isomiR expression may be linked to the parasite’s life cycle. We observed that truncated isomiRs were more prevalent, with uracil additions at the 3’end and adenosine at the 5’ end being most common. At least 10% of the miRNA population consisted of 5’ end isomiRs, which have the potential to redirect target interactions towards metabolic and developmental pathways. Furthermore, we show that the cleavage sites in F. hepatica primary miRNAs are similar to those found in mammalian cells, and Dicer-mediated cleavage appears to play a significant role in isomiR generation. We believe that the diversification of miRNA sequences through isomiR production is an evolutionary adaptation that enhances the parasite’s ability to tune gene expression during infection and development. This regulatory plasticity may facilitate successful infection and long-term persistence within diverse mammalian hosts. Understanding the roles of isomiRs in parasitic worms could provide new insights into parasite biology and identify potential targets for controlling parasitic infections.
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spelling doaj-art-fb4296e1aeb0401793961afddc03caff2025-08-20T03:16:17ZengTaylor & Francis GroupRNA Biology1547-62861555-85842025-12-0122112210.1080/15476286.2025.2538271Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of Fasciola hepaticaDayna Sais0Sumaiya Chowdhury1Phuong Thao Nguyen2Krystyna Cwiklinski3Trung Duc Nguyen4Tuan Anh Nguyen5John Dalton6Sheila Donnelly7Nham Tran8School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaThe School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaTransdisciplinary School, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UKDivision of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaDivision of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, ChinaCentre for One Health School of Natural Sciences, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, IrelandThe School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaWe investigated the isomiR profiles of the parasitic worm Fasciola hepatica across three developmental stages: newly excysted juveniles (NEJ), juveniles (JUV), and adults. Our analysis revealed a distinct shift in isomiR distribution during maturation, with NEJs exhibiting a higher abundance and diversity of isomiRs compared to later stages. Notably, isomiRs were often the dominant miRNA form in NEJs, whereas a transition to canonical miRNAs occurred as the parasite matured. This temporal variation suggests that isomiR expression may be linked to the parasite’s life cycle. We observed that truncated isomiRs were more prevalent, with uracil additions at the 3’end and adenosine at the 5’ end being most common. At least 10% of the miRNA population consisted of 5’ end isomiRs, which have the potential to redirect target interactions towards metabolic and developmental pathways. Furthermore, we show that the cleavage sites in F. hepatica primary miRNAs are similar to those found in mammalian cells, and Dicer-mediated cleavage appears to play a significant role in isomiR generation. We believe that the diversification of miRNA sequences through isomiR production is an evolutionary adaptation that enhances the parasite’s ability to tune gene expression during infection and development. This regulatory plasticity may facilitate successful infection and long-term persistence within diverse mammalian hosts. Understanding the roles of isomiRs in parasitic worms could provide new insights into parasite biology and identify potential targets for controlling parasitic infections.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15476286.2025.2538271Helminth developmentmicroRNAsRNA regulationFasciola hepaticaisomiRs
spellingShingle Dayna Sais
Sumaiya Chowdhury
Phuong Thao Nguyen
Krystyna Cwiklinski
Trung Duc Nguyen
Tuan Anh Nguyen
John Dalton
Sheila Donnelly
Nham Tran
Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of Fasciola hepatica
RNA Biology
Helminth development
microRNAs
RNA regulation
Fasciola hepatica
isomiRs
title Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of Fasciola hepatica
title_full Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of Fasciola hepatica
title_fullStr Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of Fasciola hepatica
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of Fasciola hepatica
title_short Dynamic shifts in isomiR profiles during parasite maturation of Fasciola hepatica
title_sort dynamic shifts in isomir profiles during parasite maturation of fasciola hepatica
topic Helminth development
microRNAs
RNA regulation
Fasciola hepatica
isomiRs
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15476286.2025.2538271
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