Innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post-stroke dysphagia patients

BackgroundPost-stroke dysphagia (PSD) affects up to 76% of stroke patients and increases aspiration pneumonia (AP) risk, leading to higher mortality among older survivors. Current risk assessment tools for AP in PSD patients lack precision.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 7,134 stroke pa...

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Main Authors: Junming Wang, Pengfei Wang, Zhengyao Shen, Kehan Liao, Daikun He, Zhigang Pan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Neurology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1556541/full
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author Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Pengfei Wang
Pengfei Wang
Pengfei Wang
Zhengyao Shen
Kehan Liao
Kehan Liao
Kehan Liao
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Zhigang Pan
author_facet Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Pengfei Wang
Pengfei Wang
Pengfei Wang
Zhengyao Shen
Kehan Liao
Kehan Liao
Kehan Liao
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Zhigang Pan
author_sort Junming Wang
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundPost-stroke dysphagia (PSD) affects up to 76% of stroke patients and increases aspiration pneumonia (AP) risk, leading to higher mortality among older survivors. Current risk assessment tools for AP in PSD patients lack precision.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 7,134 stroke patients admitted to Jinshan Hospital from 2019 to 2023. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify AP predictors and constructed a nomogram model using these predictors. Model performance was evaluated using bootstrap resampling, calibration, and decision curve analysis. Internal validation was conducted on 30% of cases, and external validation was performed on 500 PSD patients from community health centers.ResultsAmong 2,663 PSD patients, 578 (21.7%) developed AP. Independent predictors included age, stroke severity, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, heart failure, CRP, WBC, neutrophil ratio, Hb, FBG, prealbumin, BNP, and serum sodium. The nomogram model showed excellent discrimination (C-index: 0.885) and good agreement between predicted and observed AP probabilities. It provided net benefit across various threshold probabilities.ConclusionOur study developed the first dedicated nomogram for AP risk prediction in PSD patients, incorporating novel predictor combinations and demonstrating robust validation across multi-center cohorts. This fills an important clinical need under community conditions by enabling early identification of high-risk PSD patients using routinely available clinical variables.
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spelling doaj-art-fb4046bbbe874a1c99adc8a7def3e0d12025-08-20T02:01:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952025-06-011610.3389/fneur.2025.15565411556541Innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post-stroke dysphagia patientsJunming Wang0Junming Wang1Junming Wang2Junming Wang3Pengfei Wang4Pengfei Wang5Pengfei Wang6Zhengyao Shen7Kehan Liao8Kehan Liao9Kehan Liao10Daikun He11Daikun He12Daikun He13Daikun He14Daikun He15Zhigang Pan16Department of General Practice, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaCenter of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaResearch Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaKey Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, ChinaCenter of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaResearch Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaKey Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of General Practice, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaCenter of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaResearch Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaKey Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of General Practice, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaCenter of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaResearch Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaKey Laboratory of Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaBackgroundPost-stroke dysphagia (PSD) affects up to 76% of stroke patients and increases aspiration pneumonia (AP) risk, leading to higher mortality among older survivors. Current risk assessment tools for AP in PSD patients lack precision.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 7,134 stroke patients admitted to Jinshan Hospital from 2019 to 2023. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify AP predictors and constructed a nomogram model using these predictors. Model performance was evaluated using bootstrap resampling, calibration, and decision curve analysis. Internal validation was conducted on 30% of cases, and external validation was performed on 500 PSD patients from community health centers.ResultsAmong 2,663 PSD patients, 578 (21.7%) developed AP. Independent predictors included age, stroke severity, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, heart failure, CRP, WBC, neutrophil ratio, Hb, FBG, prealbumin, BNP, and serum sodium. The nomogram model showed excellent discrimination (C-index: 0.885) and good agreement between predicted and observed AP probabilities. It provided net benefit across various threshold probabilities.ConclusionOur study developed the first dedicated nomogram for AP risk prediction in PSD patients, incorporating novel predictor combinations and demonstrating robust validation across multi-center cohorts. This fills an important clinical need under community conditions by enabling early identification of high-risk PSD patients using routinely available clinical variables.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1556541/fullpost-stroke dysphagiaaspiration pneumoniarisk predictionnomogram modelstroke outcomes
spellingShingle Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Junming Wang
Pengfei Wang
Pengfei Wang
Pengfei Wang
Zhengyao Shen
Kehan Liao
Kehan Liao
Kehan Liao
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Daikun He
Zhigang Pan
Innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post-stroke dysphagia patients
Frontiers in Neurology
post-stroke dysphagia
aspiration pneumonia
risk prediction
nomogram model
stroke outcomes
title Innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post-stroke dysphagia patients
title_full Innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post-stroke dysphagia patients
title_fullStr Innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post-stroke dysphagia patients
title_full_unstemmed Innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post-stroke dysphagia patients
title_short Innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post-stroke dysphagia patients
title_sort innovative nomogram for predictive risk stratification of aspiration pneumonia in post stroke dysphagia patients
topic post-stroke dysphagia
aspiration pneumonia
risk prediction
nomogram model
stroke outcomes
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1556541/full
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