Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide)
Abstract Surface relief grating formation in photo-responsive azo polymers under irradiation is a long-ago-found phenomenon, but all the factors governing its efficiency are still not fully recognized. Here, we report on the enormous impact of the polymer thickness on the possibility of fabrication...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84884-1 |
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| author | Mateusz Nieborek Dariusz Szmigiel Paweł Komorowski Agnieszka Siemion Jolanta Konieczkowska Ewa Schab-Balcerzak Anna Kozanecka-Szmigiel |
| author_facet | Mateusz Nieborek Dariusz Szmigiel Paweł Komorowski Agnieszka Siemion Jolanta Konieczkowska Ewa Schab-Balcerzak Anna Kozanecka-Szmigiel |
| author_sort | Mateusz Nieborek |
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| description | Abstract Surface relief grating formation in photo-responsive azo polymers under irradiation is a long-ago-found phenomenon, but all the factors governing its efficiency are still not fully recognized. Here, we report on the enormous impact of the polymer thickness on the possibility of fabrication of extremely high-amplitude surface deformations. We performed prolonged holographic recordings on the layers of the same azobenzene poly(ether imide), which had substantially different optical transmittances at the recording wavelength and revealed that the depths of the inscribed relief structures increased with the polymer thickness from a nondetectable value up to almost 2 µm, unaffected by the presence of a polymer-glass substrate interface in either sample. We proposed the mathematical model for the relief buildup process under irradiation and validated the topographic data by their Fourier analysis related to optical measurements of the grating diffraction efficiencies. We believe that our study provides important guidelines when choosing the layer thickness to maximize the surface relief grating depths and contributes to a better understanding of the SRG formation mechanism. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fb2613e235a342c6861c8d4a51c663ce |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-fb2613e235a342c6861c8d4a51c663ce2025-01-05T12:19:34ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111010.1038/s41598-024-84884-1Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide)Mateusz Nieborek0Dariusz Szmigiel1Paweł Komorowski2Agnieszka Siemion3Jolanta Konieczkowska4Ewa Schab-Balcerzak5Anna Kozanecka-Szmigiel6Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics, Warsaw University of TechnologyŁukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and PhotonicsInstitute of Optoelectronics, Military University of TechnologyFaculty of Physics, Warsaw University of TechnologyCentre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of SciencesCentre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of SciencesFaculty of Physics, Warsaw University of TechnologyAbstract Surface relief grating formation in photo-responsive azo polymers under irradiation is a long-ago-found phenomenon, but all the factors governing its efficiency are still not fully recognized. Here, we report on the enormous impact of the polymer thickness on the possibility of fabrication of extremely high-amplitude surface deformations. We performed prolonged holographic recordings on the layers of the same azobenzene poly(ether imide), which had substantially different optical transmittances at the recording wavelength and revealed that the depths of the inscribed relief structures increased with the polymer thickness from a nondetectable value up to almost 2 µm, unaffected by the presence of a polymer-glass substrate interface in either sample. We proposed the mathematical model for the relief buildup process under irradiation and validated the topographic data by their Fourier analysis related to optical measurements of the grating diffraction efficiencies. We believe that our study provides important guidelines when choosing the layer thickness to maximize the surface relief grating depths and contributes to a better understanding of the SRG formation mechanism.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84884-1Azo polymersSurface relief gratingLayer thicknessGrating depthHolographic recording |
| spellingShingle | Mateusz Nieborek Dariusz Szmigiel Paweł Komorowski Agnieszka Siemion Jolanta Konieczkowska Ewa Schab-Balcerzak Anna Kozanecka-Szmigiel Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide) Scientific Reports Azo polymers Surface relief grating Layer thickness Grating depth Holographic recording |
| title | Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide) |
| title_full | Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide) |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide) |
| title_short | Investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly(ether imide) |
| title_sort | investigating the link between a layer thickness and surface relief depth in an azo poly ether imide |
| topic | Azo polymers Surface relief grating Layer thickness Grating depth Holographic recording |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84884-1 |
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