Comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulators
Crude Palm Oil (CPO) has the potential to be an environmentally friendly renewable insulator, one of which functions as a coolant. This study evaluated and compared thermal characteristics between Mineral Oil (MO) and CPO, such as specific heat, thermal conductivity, and heat distribution. The data...
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| author | Muhamad Mustangin Bambang Purwantana Chusnul Hidayat Radi |
| author_facet | Muhamad Mustangin Bambang Purwantana Chusnul Hidayat Radi |
| author_sort | Muhamad Mustangin |
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| description | Crude Palm Oil (CPO) has the potential to be an environmentally friendly renewable insulator, one of which functions as a coolant. This study evaluated and compared thermal characteristics between Mineral Oil (MO) and CPO, such as specific heat, thermal conductivity, and heat distribution. The data analysis used ANOVA, Response Surface Methodology, and dimensionless analysis. Specific heat was measured by heating CPO, MO, and water to 100 °C, while thermal conductivity was assessed using a two-point observation method under steady-state heating conditions. Forced convection experiments were conducted with varying mass flow rates and air velocity. As a result, CPO had a higher specific heat and thermal conductivity than MO. Moreover, CPO produced a lower cooling temperature on average, but MO produced a lower temperature for all data and lower power. Also, CPO was more sensitive to mass flow rate changes, while MO was more responsive to air velocity. The optimization for CPO was an air velocity of 2.35 m s-1 and mass flow rate of 0.37 g s-1, resulting in a temperature of 56.90 °C and power of 6.82 W. Besides, CPO showed a Nusselt number range of 10.5–12.0 and a heat transfer coefficient of 370–410 W/m² °C, indicating relatively high thermal efficiency. The correlation between the predicted heat transfer coefficient and experimental observations was strong (R² = 0.99). The Nusselt number showed a proportional increase with the Prandtl number, with a correlation of R² = 0.95. These results suggest that CPO could be a more effective insulator with better cooling performance than MO. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fb011eeaa24240d7bd01d916c17c6241 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-1230 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Results in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-fb011eeaa24240d7bd01d916c17c62412025-08-20T03:42:56ZengElsevierResults in Engineering2590-12302025-06-012610454710.1016/j.rineng.2025.104547Comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulatorsMuhamad Mustangin0Bambang Purwantana1Chusnul Hidayat2 Radi3Agricultural Engineering Science, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No 1 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Mechanical Engineering and Technology in Plantation Industry, Politeknik LPP Yogyakarta, Jalan LPP No 1A, Balapan 55222, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaAgricultural Engineering Science, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No 1 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Corresponding author.Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaAgricultural Engineering Science, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora No 1 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaCrude Palm Oil (CPO) has the potential to be an environmentally friendly renewable insulator, one of which functions as a coolant. This study evaluated and compared thermal characteristics between Mineral Oil (MO) and CPO, such as specific heat, thermal conductivity, and heat distribution. The data analysis used ANOVA, Response Surface Methodology, and dimensionless analysis. Specific heat was measured by heating CPO, MO, and water to 100 °C, while thermal conductivity was assessed using a two-point observation method under steady-state heating conditions. Forced convection experiments were conducted with varying mass flow rates and air velocity. As a result, CPO had a higher specific heat and thermal conductivity than MO. Moreover, CPO produced a lower cooling temperature on average, but MO produced a lower temperature for all data and lower power. Also, CPO was more sensitive to mass flow rate changes, while MO was more responsive to air velocity. The optimization for CPO was an air velocity of 2.35 m s-1 and mass flow rate of 0.37 g s-1, resulting in a temperature of 56.90 °C and power of 6.82 W. Besides, CPO showed a Nusselt number range of 10.5–12.0 and a heat transfer coefficient of 370–410 W/m² °C, indicating relatively high thermal efficiency. The correlation between the predicted heat transfer coefficient and experimental observations was strong (R² = 0.99). The Nusselt number showed a proportional increase with the Prandtl number, with a correlation of R² = 0.95. These results suggest that CPO could be a more effective insulator with better cooling performance than MO.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025006255Palm oilInsulatorThermal conductivitySpecific heatNusselt number |
| spellingShingle | Muhamad Mustangin Bambang Purwantana Chusnul Hidayat Radi Comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulators Results in Engineering Palm oil Insulator Thermal conductivity Specific heat Nusselt number |
| title | Comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulators |
| title_full | Comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulators |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulators |
| title_short | Comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulators |
| title_sort | comparison of thermal characteristics and cooling performance of crude palm oil and mineral oil as electrical insulators |
| topic | Palm oil Insulator Thermal conductivity Specific heat Nusselt number |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025006255 |
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