Assessing Shallow Groundwater Quality Around the Sheba Leather Tannery Area, Wikro, North Ethiopia: A Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study
This study aimed to investigate the shallow groundwater status around the Sheba Leather Tannery area, Wikro, North Ethiopia, through geophysical and hydrochemical methods. Seventeen Vertical Electrical Soundings (VESs) acquisitions, 4 upstream and 13 downstream, of the leather tannery area were cond...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| author | Kaleab Adhena Abera Berhane Abrha Asfaw Yonatan Garkebo Doyoro Tesfamichael Gebreyohanes Abdelwassie Hussien Gebremedhin Berhane Miruts Hagos Abadi Romha Kristine Walraevens |
| author_facet | Kaleab Adhena Abera Berhane Abrha Asfaw Yonatan Garkebo Doyoro Tesfamichael Gebreyohanes Abdelwassie Hussien Gebremedhin Berhane Miruts Hagos Abadi Romha Kristine Walraevens |
| author_sort | Kaleab Adhena Abera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to investigate the shallow groundwater status around the Sheba Leather Tannery area, Wikro, North Ethiopia, through geophysical and hydrochemical methods. Seventeen Vertical Electrical Soundings (VESs) acquisitions, 4 upstream and 13 downstream, of the leather tannery area were conducted. Using the data, four geoelectric profiles were generated. The aquifers’ geoelectrical layers, depth, and lateral extent were delineated. The VES curves depicted three to four resistivity layers. These alternating layers of low, moderate, and high resistivity values, traced at different VES points, were attributed to the formations’ composition and the groundwater quality status. Besides the geophysical survey, 32 water samples were collected from the area. Parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDSs), pH, major ions, and heavy metals were analyzed. Moreover, PHREEQC was used to determine the groundwater mineral saturation indices where most minerals, except halite, were found supersaturated. The quality status for drinking purposes was also evaluated using the water quality index (WQI), and the water was classified as good (56.3%), poor (37.5%), and very poor (6.2%). The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the percentage of sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>%) were calculated, and the results indicated that the water is suitable for direct use in irrigation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fa90582af3ad4ce5bae87699d348b1d0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-3263 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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| series | Geosciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-fa90582af3ad4ce5bae87699d348b1d02025-08-20T02:50:53ZengMDPI AGGeosciences2076-32632024-11-01141232410.3390/geosciences14120324Assessing Shallow Groundwater Quality Around the Sheba Leather Tannery Area, Wikro, North Ethiopia: A Geophysical and Hydrochemical StudyKaleab Adhena Abera0Berhane Abrha Asfaw1Yonatan Garkebo Doyoro2Tesfamichael Gebreyohanes3Abdelwassie Hussien4Gebremedhin Berhane5Miruts Hagos6Abadi Romha7Kristine Walraevens8Laboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, BelgiumDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Civil Engineering and Disaster Prevention and Water Environment Research Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rd., Hsinchu 300, TaiwanDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle 231, EthiopiaDepartment of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle 231, EthiopiaLaboratory for Applied Geology and Hydrogeology, Department of Geology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, BelgiumThis study aimed to investigate the shallow groundwater status around the Sheba Leather Tannery area, Wikro, North Ethiopia, through geophysical and hydrochemical methods. Seventeen Vertical Electrical Soundings (VESs) acquisitions, 4 upstream and 13 downstream, of the leather tannery area were conducted. Using the data, four geoelectric profiles were generated. The aquifers’ geoelectrical layers, depth, and lateral extent were delineated. The VES curves depicted three to four resistivity layers. These alternating layers of low, moderate, and high resistivity values, traced at different VES points, were attributed to the formations’ composition and the groundwater quality status. Besides the geophysical survey, 32 water samples were collected from the area. Parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDSs), pH, major ions, and heavy metals were analyzed. Moreover, PHREEQC was used to determine the groundwater mineral saturation indices where most minerals, except halite, were found supersaturated. The quality status for drinking purposes was also evaluated using the water quality index (WQI), and the water was classified as good (56.3%), poor (37.5%), and very poor (6.2%). The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the percentage of sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>%) were calculated, and the results indicated that the water is suitable for direct use in irrigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/14/12/324groundwaterpollutiontannery areasaturation indicesWQIVES |
| spellingShingle | Kaleab Adhena Abera Berhane Abrha Asfaw Yonatan Garkebo Doyoro Tesfamichael Gebreyohanes Abdelwassie Hussien Gebremedhin Berhane Miruts Hagos Abadi Romha Kristine Walraevens Assessing Shallow Groundwater Quality Around the Sheba Leather Tannery Area, Wikro, North Ethiopia: A Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study Geosciences groundwater pollution tannery area saturation indices WQI VES |
| title | Assessing Shallow Groundwater Quality Around the Sheba Leather Tannery Area, Wikro, North Ethiopia: A Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study |
| title_full | Assessing Shallow Groundwater Quality Around the Sheba Leather Tannery Area, Wikro, North Ethiopia: A Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study |
| title_fullStr | Assessing Shallow Groundwater Quality Around the Sheba Leather Tannery Area, Wikro, North Ethiopia: A Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing Shallow Groundwater Quality Around the Sheba Leather Tannery Area, Wikro, North Ethiopia: A Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study |
| title_short | Assessing Shallow Groundwater Quality Around the Sheba Leather Tannery Area, Wikro, North Ethiopia: A Geophysical and Hydrochemical Study |
| title_sort | assessing shallow groundwater quality around the sheba leather tannery area wikro north ethiopia a geophysical and hydrochemical study |
| topic | groundwater pollution tannery area saturation indices WQI VES |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/14/12/324 |
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