Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and Accommodation

Purpose: To explore the effect of defocus region and amount, diurnal rhythm, and accommodation on myopic defocus-induced changes in the retina and choroid. Design: Four test lenses were used: single-vision soft contact lens (SVCL), bifocal spectacle lens (BSL) with +3.50 diopters (D) addition in the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yingying Huang, MD, Jiali Zhang, MD, Xue Li, PhD, Hao Chen, MD, OD, Jinhua Bao, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Ophthalmology Science
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666914525000715
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849713118902484992
author Yingying Huang, MD
Jiali Zhang, MD
Xue Li, PhD
Hao Chen, MD, OD
Jinhua Bao, PhD
author_facet Yingying Huang, MD
Jiali Zhang, MD
Xue Li, PhD
Hao Chen, MD, OD
Jinhua Bao, PhD
author_sort Yingying Huang, MD
collection DOAJ
description Purpose: To explore the effect of defocus region and amount, diurnal rhythm, and accommodation on myopic defocus-induced changes in the retina and choroid. Design: Four test lenses were used: single-vision soft contact lens (SVCL), bifocal spectacle lens (BSL) with +3.50 diopters (D) addition in the inferior visual field, defocus incorporated multiple segments lens (DIMS), and dual-focus contact lens (DFCL) with +2.00 D addition. Participants: Twenty-one adults aged between 18 and 30 years, myopia between −1.00 D and −6.00 D, were included. Methods: Four lenses were used in random order at 4 separate days for each participant. Participants underwent OCT and OCT angiography examinations after distance-viewing (4 m) and near-viewing (20 cm) for 20 minutes with 4 test lenses at both 10 am and 5 pm. Main Outcome Measures: Retinal and choroidal thicknesses (RT and ChT) and vessel density were assessed. Results: The changes in RT, retinal and choroidal vessel density were not significantly different between lenses or times (all P > 0.05). Choroidal thickness changes differed between lenses after near-viewing in both the morning and evening and after distance-viewing in the morning (all P < 0.05). Compared with SVCL, BSL, DIMS, and DFCL achieved lower ChT reductions (all P < 0.05), and BSL showed least reduction. No lenses completely inhibited ChT thinning after near-viewing. Conclusions: Myopic defocus inhibited choroid thinning more effectively in the morning, and provided sufficient defocus in the superior retina was more effective. The amount of lens defocus in this study (+3.50 D) was insufficient to inhibit choroidal thinning with 5 D accommodation completely. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
format Article
id doaj-art-fa868f6d5df14af5adc0cead6f1cd91c
institution DOAJ
issn 2666-9145
language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Ophthalmology Science
spelling doaj-art-fa868f6d5df14af5adc0cead6f1cd91c2025-08-20T03:14:02ZengElsevierOphthalmology Science2666-91452025-09-015510077310.1016/j.xops.2025.100773Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and AccommodationYingying Huang, MD0Jiali Zhang, MD1Xue Li, PhD2Hao Chen, MD, OD3Jinhua Bao, PhD4National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaCorrespondence: Jinhua Bao, PhD, Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 270 West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325027.; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaPurpose: To explore the effect of defocus region and amount, diurnal rhythm, and accommodation on myopic defocus-induced changes in the retina and choroid. Design: Four test lenses were used: single-vision soft contact lens (SVCL), bifocal spectacle lens (BSL) with +3.50 diopters (D) addition in the inferior visual field, defocus incorporated multiple segments lens (DIMS), and dual-focus contact lens (DFCL) with +2.00 D addition. Participants: Twenty-one adults aged between 18 and 30 years, myopia between −1.00 D and −6.00 D, were included. Methods: Four lenses were used in random order at 4 separate days for each participant. Participants underwent OCT and OCT angiography examinations after distance-viewing (4 m) and near-viewing (20 cm) for 20 minutes with 4 test lenses at both 10 am and 5 pm. Main Outcome Measures: Retinal and choroidal thicknesses (RT and ChT) and vessel density were assessed. Results: The changes in RT, retinal and choroidal vessel density were not significantly different between lenses or times (all P > 0.05). Choroidal thickness changes differed between lenses after near-viewing in both the morning and evening and after distance-viewing in the morning (all P < 0.05). Compared with SVCL, BSL, DIMS, and DFCL achieved lower ChT reductions (all P < 0.05), and BSL showed least reduction. No lenses completely inhibited ChT thinning after near-viewing. Conclusions: Myopic defocus inhibited choroid thinning more effectively in the morning, and provided sufficient defocus in the superior retina was more effective. The amount of lens defocus in this study (+3.50 D) was insufficient to inhibit choroidal thinning with 5 D accommodation completely. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666914525000715Myopic defocusChoroidAccommodationDiurnal rhythm
spellingShingle Yingying Huang, MD
Jiali Zhang, MD
Xue Li, PhD
Hao Chen, MD, OD
Jinhua Bao, PhD
Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and Accommodation
Ophthalmology Science
Myopic defocus
Choroid
Accommodation
Diurnal rhythm
title Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and Accommodation
title_full Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and Accommodation
title_fullStr Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and Accommodation
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and Accommodation
title_short Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and Accommodation
title_sort effect of myopic defocus on the retina and choroid and its interaction with defocus regions diurnal rhythm and accommodation
topic Myopic defocus
Choroid
Accommodation
Diurnal rhythm
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666914525000715
work_keys_str_mv AT yingyinghuangmd effectofmyopicdefocusontheretinaandchoroidanditsinteractionwithdefocusregionsdiurnalrhythmandaccommodation
AT jializhangmd effectofmyopicdefocusontheretinaandchoroidanditsinteractionwithdefocusregionsdiurnalrhythmandaccommodation
AT xueliphd effectofmyopicdefocusontheretinaandchoroidanditsinteractionwithdefocusregionsdiurnalrhythmandaccommodation
AT haochenmdod effectofmyopicdefocusontheretinaandchoroidanditsinteractionwithdefocusregionsdiurnalrhythmandaccommodation
AT jinhuabaophd effectofmyopicdefocusontheretinaandchoroidanditsinteractionwithdefocusregionsdiurnalrhythmandaccommodation