The Influence of Distance between the Electrode and Noise Reduction Buffer Amplifiers in ECG Monitoring Using Knitted Electrodes
Knitted electrodes provide numerous advantages over the gel electrodes typically used in clinical practice when designing wearable Electrocardiogram (ECG) systems. They typically have enhanced durability, better textile integration and do not dry out. However, the higher skin/electrode impedance mak...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Engineering Proceedings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/52/1/20 |
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| author | Tom Greig Kate Jopling Zackery Irving Diego Altamirano Helen Perry Ying Cheong Russel Torah Kai Yang |
| author_facet | Tom Greig Kate Jopling Zackery Irving Diego Altamirano Helen Perry Ying Cheong Russel Torah Kai Yang |
| author_sort | Tom Greig |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Knitted electrodes provide numerous advantages over the gel electrodes typically used in clinical practice when designing wearable Electrocardiogram (ECG) systems. They typically have enhanced durability, better textile integration and do not dry out. However, the higher skin/electrode impedance makes them susceptible to noise from electrical interference. Adding a buffer amplifier circuit close to the electrode, creating an ‘active’ electrode, is one way to mitigate this. However, the choice of where to integrate these amplifiers in the garment remains. Therefore, this work measured the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an ECG output when comparing the distance between the electrode and the operational amplifier (op-amp) buffer and found that when the buffer was placed directly under a knitted electrode, the noise was lower than that seen with gel electrodes. This also provided information on the impact of distance on the SNR. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fa6b6a17453147dcb683a4bc4aac9ca2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-4591 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engineering Proceedings |
| spelling | doaj-art-fa6b6a17453147dcb683a4bc4aac9ca22025-08-20T03:43:33ZengMDPI AGEngineering Proceedings2673-45912024-01-015212010.3390/engproc2023052020The Influence of Distance between the Electrode and Noise Reduction Buffer Amplifiers in ECG Monitoring Using Knitted ElectrodesTom Greig0Kate Jopling1Zackery Irving2Diego Altamirano3Helen Perry4Ying Cheong5Russel Torah6Kai Yang7School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKWinchester School of Art, University of Southampton, Winchester SO23 8DL, UKSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKUniversity Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UKSchool of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKSchool of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKWinchester School of Art, University of Southampton, Winchester SO23 8DL, UKKnitted electrodes provide numerous advantages over the gel electrodes typically used in clinical practice when designing wearable Electrocardiogram (ECG) systems. They typically have enhanced durability, better textile integration and do not dry out. However, the higher skin/electrode impedance makes them susceptible to noise from electrical interference. Adding a buffer amplifier circuit close to the electrode, creating an ‘active’ electrode, is one way to mitigate this. However, the choice of where to integrate these amplifiers in the garment remains. Therefore, this work measured the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an ECG output when comparing the distance between the electrode and the operational amplifier (op-amp) buffer and found that when the buffer was placed directly under a knitted electrode, the noise was lower than that seen with gel electrodes. This also provided information on the impact of distance on the SNR.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/52/1/20ECGelectrographyhealth monitoringknitted electrodeactive electrodes |
| spellingShingle | Tom Greig Kate Jopling Zackery Irving Diego Altamirano Helen Perry Ying Cheong Russel Torah Kai Yang The Influence of Distance between the Electrode and Noise Reduction Buffer Amplifiers in ECG Monitoring Using Knitted Electrodes Engineering Proceedings ECG electrography health monitoring knitted electrode active electrodes |
| title | The Influence of Distance between the Electrode and Noise Reduction Buffer Amplifiers in ECG Monitoring Using Knitted Electrodes |
| title_full | The Influence of Distance between the Electrode and Noise Reduction Buffer Amplifiers in ECG Monitoring Using Knitted Electrodes |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Distance between the Electrode and Noise Reduction Buffer Amplifiers in ECG Monitoring Using Knitted Electrodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Distance between the Electrode and Noise Reduction Buffer Amplifiers in ECG Monitoring Using Knitted Electrodes |
| title_short | The Influence of Distance between the Electrode and Noise Reduction Buffer Amplifiers in ECG Monitoring Using Knitted Electrodes |
| title_sort | influence of distance between the electrode and noise reduction buffer amplifiers in ecg monitoring using knitted electrodes |
| topic | ECG electrography health monitoring knitted electrode active electrodes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/52/1/20 |
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