Comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in Lactobacillus crispatus strains

Abstract Lactobacillus crispatus, a key member of the vaginal microbiota, exhibits strain-specific diversity with important implications for host–microbe interactions and probiotic potential. This study investigates the genomic relationships and bacteriocin diversity across 95 L. crispatus strains t...

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Main Authors: Giulia Santarelli, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Giovanni Delogu, Flavio De Maio
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08321-7
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author Giulia Santarelli
Maurizio Sanguinetti
Giovanni Delogu
Flavio De Maio
author_facet Giulia Santarelli
Maurizio Sanguinetti
Giovanni Delogu
Flavio De Maio
author_sort Giulia Santarelli
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Lactobacillus crispatus, a key member of the vaginal microbiota, exhibits strain-specific diversity with important implications for host–microbe interactions and probiotic potential. This study investigates the genomic relationships and bacteriocin diversity across 95 L. crispatus strains to elucidate the mechanisms underlying strain-specific adaptation and microbial competitiveness. Using publicly available data from NCBI, we applied BAGEL4 and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) approaches to identify and characterize bacteriocin genes, revealing a high level of conservation of major bacteriocins among strains. Analysis of nucleotide polymorphisms within bacteriocin-encoding sequences showed that these genes are generally conserved, likely due to strong purifying selection. These findings suggest that bacteriocins in L. crispatus are functionally conserved, underscoring their potential role in maintaining vaginal health through microbial competition and pathogen exclusion.
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spelling doaj-art-fa642afac00c4ab28a59e952b452153a2025-08-20T04:01:23ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-08321-7Comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in Lactobacillus crispatus strainsGiulia Santarelli0Maurizio Sanguinetti1Giovanni Delogu2Flavio De Maio3Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie-Sezione di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie-Sezione di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie-Sezione di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreDipartimento Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCSAbstract Lactobacillus crispatus, a key member of the vaginal microbiota, exhibits strain-specific diversity with important implications for host–microbe interactions and probiotic potential. This study investigates the genomic relationships and bacteriocin diversity across 95 L. crispatus strains to elucidate the mechanisms underlying strain-specific adaptation and microbial competitiveness. Using publicly available data from NCBI, we applied BAGEL4 and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) approaches to identify and characterize bacteriocin genes, revealing a high level of conservation of major bacteriocins among strains. Analysis of nucleotide polymorphisms within bacteriocin-encoding sequences showed that these genes are generally conserved, likely due to strong purifying selection. These findings suggest that bacteriocins in L. crispatus are functionally conserved, underscoring their potential role in maintaining vaginal health through microbial competition and pathogen exclusion.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08321-7Lactobacillus crispatusBacteriocinsAntimicrobial peptidesVaginal microbiota
spellingShingle Giulia Santarelli
Maurizio Sanguinetti
Giovanni Delogu
Flavio De Maio
Comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in Lactobacillus crispatus strains
Scientific Reports
Lactobacillus crispatus
Bacteriocins
Antimicrobial peptides
Vaginal microbiota
title Comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in Lactobacillus crispatus strains
title_full Comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in Lactobacillus crispatus strains
title_fullStr Comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in Lactobacillus crispatus strains
title_full_unstemmed Comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in Lactobacillus crispatus strains
title_short Comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in Lactobacillus crispatus strains
title_sort comparative genomic analysis of bacteriocin genes in lactobacillus crispatus strains
topic Lactobacillus crispatus
Bacteriocins
Antimicrobial peptides
Vaginal microbiota
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08321-7
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AT giovannidelogu comparativegenomicanalysisofbacteriocingenesinlactobacilluscrispatusstrains
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