Low Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OHD) and Hepatic Encephalopathy in HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis

Background. Patients with liver cirrhosis experience a large variety of metabolic disorders associated with more hepatic decompensation. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a significant complication in liver cirrhosis patients, presenting a wide spectrum of neuropsychological symptoms. A deficiency of 2...

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Main Authors: Mohamed Abd Ellatif Afifi, Ahmed Mohamed Hussein, Mahmoud Rizk
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2021-01-01
Series:International Journal of Hepatology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6669527
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author Mohamed Abd Ellatif Afifi
Ahmed Mohamed Hussein
Mahmoud Rizk
author_facet Mohamed Abd Ellatif Afifi
Ahmed Mohamed Hussein
Mahmoud Rizk
author_sort Mohamed Abd Ellatif Afifi
collection DOAJ
description Background. Patients with liver cirrhosis experience a large variety of metabolic disorders associated with more hepatic decompensation. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a significant complication in liver cirrhosis patients, presenting a wide spectrum of neuropsychological symptoms. A deficiency of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) in the general population is associated with a loss of cognitive function, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Aim of the Study. Our study aims to check the relationship between low serum 25-OHD and HE in patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis and assess its link with patient mortality. Patients and Methods. This study was observationally carried out on 100 patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A—included 50 HCV-related cirrhotic patients with HE, and Group B—included 50 HCV-related cirrhotic patients without HE. Assessment of disease severity using the end-stage liver disease (MELD) model and Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) scores were done, and 25-OHD levels were measured. Comparison of vitamin D levels in different etiologies and different CTP categories was made using one-way ANOVA. Pearson’s correlation between the level of vitamin D and other biomarkers was applied. Results. There was a statistically significant Vitamin D level difference between the two groups. A lower level of vitamin D was observed in the HE group where the severe deficiency was 16%, while it was 6% in the other group and the moderate deficiency was 24% in HE group as compared to 10% in the other group. The insufficient vitamin D level represented 46% of the non-HE group while none of the HE group falls in this category. Vitamin D level was statistically higher in Grade 1 HE than in Grade 2 which is higher than in Grades 3 to 4. Vitamin D level was also significantly higher in those who improved from HE as compared to those who died. Conclusion. The lower levels of 25-OHD were associated with the higher incidence of HE in cirrhotic HCV patients. The worsening vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased severity of the liver disease, so vitamin D may be considered a prognostic factor for the severity of liver cirrhosis and high mortality rate in HE patients.
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spelling doaj-art-fa5081507eb54926bdaee423a5e9d1742025-08-20T02:22:37ZengWileyInternational Journal of Hepatology2090-34482090-34562021-01-01202110.1155/2021/66695276669527Low Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OHD) and Hepatic Encephalopathy in HCV-Related Liver CirrhosisMohamed Abd Ellatif Afifi0Ahmed Mohamed Hussein1Mahmoud Rizk2Internal Medicine Department, Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, Benha University, EgyptInternal Medicine Department, Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, Benha University, EgyptInternal Medicine Department, Hepatology and Gastroenterology Unit, Benha University, EgyptBackground. Patients with liver cirrhosis experience a large variety of metabolic disorders associated with more hepatic decompensation. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a significant complication in liver cirrhosis patients, presenting a wide spectrum of neuropsychological symptoms. A deficiency of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) in the general population is associated with a loss of cognitive function, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Aim of the Study. Our study aims to check the relationship between low serum 25-OHD and HE in patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis and assess its link with patient mortality. Patients and Methods. This study was observationally carried out on 100 patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group A—included 50 HCV-related cirrhotic patients with HE, and Group B—included 50 HCV-related cirrhotic patients without HE. Assessment of disease severity using the end-stage liver disease (MELD) model and Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) scores were done, and 25-OHD levels were measured. Comparison of vitamin D levels in different etiologies and different CTP categories was made using one-way ANOVA. Pearson’s correlation between the level of vitamin D and other biomarkers was applied. Results. There was a statistically significant Vitamin D level difference between the two groups. A lower level of vitamin D was observed in the HE group where the severe deficiency was 16%, while it was 6% in the other group and the moderate deficiency was 24% in HE group as compared to 10% in the other group. The insufficient vitamin D level represented 46% of the non-HE group while none of the HE group falls in this category. Vitamin D level was statistically higher in Grade 1 HE than in Grade 2 which is higher than in Grades 3 to 4. Vitamin D level was also significantly higher in those who improved from HE as compared to those who died. Conclusion. The lower levels of 25-OHD were associated with the higher incidence of HE in cirrhotic HCV patients. The worsening vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased severity of the liver disease, so vitamin D may be considered a prognostic factor for the severity of liver cirrhosis and high mortality rate in HE patients.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6669527
spellingShingle Mohamed Abd Ellatif Afifi
Ahmed Mohamed Hussein
Mahmoud Rizk
Low Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OHD) and Hepatic Encephalopathy in HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis
International Journal of Hepatology
title Low Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OHD) and Hepatic Encephalopathy in HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis
title_full Low Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OHD) and Hepatic Encephalopathy in HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis
title_fullStr Low Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OHD) and Hepatic Encephalopathy in HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis
title_full_unstemmed Low Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OHD) and Hepatic Encephalopathy in HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis
title_short Low Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D (25-OHD) and Hepatic Encephalopathy in HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis
title_sort low serum 25 hydroxy vitamin d 25 ohd and hepatic encephalopathy in hcv related liver cirrhosis
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6669527
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