Assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered Texas ocelots.

Roadside exclusionary fencing is commonly used on highways to prevent wildlife-vehicle collisions. Although it can mitigate wildlife road mortality by limiting their access to the road, it can also create a barrier for wildlife stranded within the right-of-way. On State Highway 100 in Texas, the Tex...

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Main Authors: Rupesh Maharjan, Jamie E Langbein, John H Young, Kevin Ryer, Alejandro Fierro-Cabo, Md Saydur Rahman, Richard J Kline
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323705
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author Rupesh Maharjan
Jamie E Langbein
John H Young
Kevin Ryer
Alejandro Fierro-Cabo
Md Saydur Rahman
Richard J Kline
author_facet Rupesh Maharjan
Jamie E Langbein
John H Young
Kevin Ryer
Alejandro Fierro-Cabo
Md Saydur Rahman
Richard J Kline
author_sort Rupesh Maharjan
collection DOAJ
description Roadside exclusionary fencing is commonly used on highways to prevent wildlife-vehicle collisions. Although it can mitigate wildlife road mortality by limiting their access to the road, it can also create a barrier for wildlife stranded within the right-of-way. On State Highway 100 in Texas, the Texas Department of Transportation installed 10 wildlife exits (WEs) to allow endangered ocelots and other wildlife to escape the fenced roadway and minimize wildlife-vehicle collisions. Our study compared three types of WE designs within the same area from 2019 to 2024 to assess their effectiveness. The first design (Design A) was without a door and berm, and the second design (Design B) had a raised berm (10 WE sites) with a door (six WE sites) and no door (four WE sites). Lastly, a third design (Design C) had all the structural features of Design B, except for the raised berm removed from all ten WE sites. We used the approaches of four meso-carnivore target species (coyote, bobcat, northern raccoon, and striped skunk) as a metric and binomial generalized linear model as a statistical method to evaluate the effectiveness between three designs. The statistical analysis showed that the raised berm in Design B was the major cause for a decline in the approaches of meso-carnivore communities toward the WE sites. With the berm removal in Design C, the approaches of target species from road to habitat increased significantly in the sites without a door. Our study indicates that the WE door design might be another structural cause for limiting its effectiveness, where significantly lower approaches were recorded for meso-carnivores in the sites with a door compared to those without a door in Design C.
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spelling doaj-art-fa41a9fcf8f746d4abe84c18edd1fd252025-08-20T03:32:15ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01206e032370510.1371/journal.pone.0323705Assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered Texas ocelots.Rupesh MaharjanJamie E LangbeinJohn H YoungKevin RyerAlejandro Fierro-CaboMd Saydur RahmanRichard J KlineRoadside exclusionary fencing is commonly used on highways to prevent wildlife-vehicle collisions. Although it can mitigate wildlife road mortality by limiting their access to the road, it can also create a barrier for wildlife stranded within the right-of-way. On State Highway 100 in Texas, the Texas Department of Transportation installed 10 wildlife exits (WEs) to allow endangered ocelots and other wildlife to escape the fenced roadway and minimize wildlife-vehicle collisions. Our study compared three types of WE designs within the same area from 2019 to 2024 to assess their effectiveness. The first design (Design A) was without a door and berm, and the second design (Design B) had a raised berm (10 WE sites) with a door (six WE sites) and no door (four WE sites). Lastly, a third design (Design C) had all the structural features of Design B, except for the raised berm removed from all ten WE sites. We used the approaches of four meso-carnivore target species (coyote, bobcat, northern raccoon, and striped skunk) as a metric and binomial generalized linear model as a statistical method to evaluate the effectiveness between three designs. The statistical analysis showed that the raised berm in Design B was the major cause for a decline in the approaches of meso-carnivore communities toward the WE sites. With the berm removal in Design C, the approaches of target species from road to habitat increased significantly in the sites without a door. Our study indicates that the WE door design might be another structural cause for limiting its effectiveness, where significantly lower approaches were recorded for meso-carnivores in the sites with a door compared to those without a door in Design C.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323705
spellingShingle Rupesh Maharjan
Jamie E Langbein
John H Young
Kevin Ryer
Alejandro Fierro-Cabo
Md Saydur Rahman
Richard J Kline
Assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered Texas ocelots.
PLoS ONE
title Assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered Texas ocelots.
title_full Assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered Texas ocelots.
title_fullStr Assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered Texas ocelots.
title_full_unstemmed Assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered Texas ocelots.
title_short Assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered Texas ocelots.
title_sort assessing the effects of design modifications on the use of wildlife exits designed for endangered texas ocelots
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323705
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