Formulation and Evaluation of Gelatin Nanoparticle Moisturizing Gel from Mesocarp Extract of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as an Antioxidant

Human skin might get attacked by free radicals therefore, antioxidants are needed. Mesocarp of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] has natural antioxidant compounds such as citrulline. Antioxidant compounds were formulated into gel preparation with nanoparticle technology tha...

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Main Authors: Sari Okzelia, Semitha Azzahara, Kosasih Kosasih, Silfera Yanti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University of Tehran 2023-09-01
Series:Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Online Access:https://jsciences.ut.ac.ir/article_92774_d1a6a94b30794fc9b2c5aa0dd9ac669b.pdf
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author Sari Okzelia
Semitha Azzahara
Kosasih Kosasih
Silfera Yanti
author_facet Sari Okzelia
Semitha Azzahara
Kosasih Kosasih
Silfera Yanti
author_sort Sari Okzelia
collection DOAJ
description Human skin might get attacked by free radicals therefore, antioxidants are needed. Mesocarp of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] has natural antioxidant compounds such as citrulline. Antioxidant compounds were formulated into gel preparation with nanoparticle technology that aimed to facilitate the absorption of an active substance. The purpose of this study was to formulate an antioxidant moisturizing gel that contained gelatin nanoparticles of mesocarp extract of watermelon (GNMW). The stages of research included the extraction, production, and characterization of nanoparticles, formulation of gel preparations with various concentrations of 0.0114% (F1), 0.0228% (F2), and 0.0342% (F3), evaluation of gel preparations, observation of antioxidant activity using DPPH method and skin moisture test. The nanoparticles produced had an irregular shape, size of 200.3 nm, polydispersity index of 0.288, and zeta potential value of +16.11 mV. The nanoparticle gel had a slightly viscous texture, clear color, and homogeneous, with a pH value of 6.61 – 7.22; viscosity of 14740 – 17180 cP; spread-ability of 5.3-6.5 cm; and did not irritate the skin. The results of the antioxidant activity of the extract and nanoparticles were 110.90 μg/mL and 114.16 μg/mL, respectively. Nanoparticle gel of F1, F2, and F3 had IC50 values of 149.52 μg/mL; 138.44 μg/mL; and 127.10 μg/mL, respectively. The gels could increase skin moisture content in the range of 38.81% - 63.19%. Mesocarp extract of watermelon which was made into nanoparticles with gelatin carrier could be formulated into a moisturizing gel, met good gel parameter standards, and had moderate antioxidant activity.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2023-09-01
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record_format Article
series Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
spelling doaj-art-fa3922a7cffd4ed0a50743a1e37c6d372025-08-20T03:53:51ZengUniversity of TehranJournal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran1016-11042345-69142023-09-0134320521510.22059/jsciences.2023.351502.100776992774Formulation and Evaluation of Gelatin Nanoparticle Moisturizing Gel from Mesocarp Extract of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as an AntioxidantSari Okzelia0Semitha Azzahara1Kosasih Kosasih2Silfera Yanti31 Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Bani Saleh, Bekasi, Indonesia1 Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Bani Saleh, Bekasi, Indonesia2 Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta, Indonesia1 Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Bani Saleh, Bekasi, IndonesiaHuman skin might get attacked by free radicals therefore, antioxidants are needed. Mesocarp of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] has natural antioxidant compounds such as citrulline. Antioxidant compounds were formulated into gel preparation with nanoparticle technology that aimed to facilitate the absorption of an active substance. The purpose of this study was to formulate an antioxidant moisturizing gel that contained gelatin nanoparticles of mesocarp extract of watermelon (GNMW). The stages of research included the extraction, production, and characterization of nanoparticles, formulation of gel preparations with various concentrations of 0.0114% (F1), 0.0228% (F2), and 0.0342% (F3), evaluation of gel preparations, observation of antioxidant activity using DPPH method and skin moisture test. The nanoparticles produced had an irregular shape, size of 200.3 nm, polydispersity index of 0.288, and zeta potential value of +16.11 mV. The nanoparticle gel had a slightly viscous texture, clear color, and homogeneous, with a pH value of 6.61 – 7.22; viscosity of 14740 – 17180 cP; spread-ability of 5.3-6.5 cm; and did not irritate the skin. The results of the antioxidant activity of the extract and nanoparticles were 110.90 μg/mL and 114.16 μg/mL, respectively. Nanoparticle gel of F1, F2, and F3 had IC50 values of 149.52 μg/mL; 138.44 μg/mL; and 127.10 μg/mL, respectively. The gels could increase skin moisture content in the range of 38.81% - 63.19%. Mesocarp extract of watermelon which was made into nanoparticles with gelatin carrier could be formulated into a moisturizing gel, met good gel parameter standards, and had moderate antioxidant activity.https://jsciences.ut.ac.ir/article_92774_d1a6a94b30794fc9b2c5aa0dd9ac669b.pdfnanoparticle moisturizing gelgnmwnanoparticle antioxidant gel
spellingShingle Sari Okzelia
Semitha Azzahara
Kosasih Kosasih
Silfera Yanti
Formulation and Evaluation of Gelatin Nanoparticle Moisturizing Gel from Mesocarp Extract of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as an Antioxidant
Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
nanoparticle moisturizing gel
gnmw
nanoparticle antioxidant gel
title Formulation and Evaluation of Gelatin Nanoparticle Moisturizing Gel from Mesocarp Extract of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as an Antioxidant
title_full Formulation and Evaluation of Gelatin Nanoparticle Moisturizing Gel from Mesocarp Extract of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as an Antioxidant
title_fullStr Formulation and Evaluation of Gelatin Nanoparticle Moisturizing Gel from Mesocarp Extract of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as an Antioxidant
title_full_unstemmed Formulation and Evaluation of Gelatin Nanoparticle Moisturizing Gel from Mesocarp Extract of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as an Antioxidant
title_short Formulation and Evaluation of Gelatin Nanoparticle Moisturizing Gel from Mesocarp Extract of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] as an Antioxidant
title_sort formulation and evaluation of gelatin nanoparticle moisturizing gel from mesocarp extract of watermelon citrullus lanatus thunb matsum nakai as an antioxidant
topic nanoparticle moisturizing gel
gnmw
nanoparticle antioxidant gel
url https://jsciences.ut.ac.ir/article_92774_d1a6a94b30794fc9b2c5aa0dd9ac669b.pdf
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