Weed Seedbank Changes Associated with Temporary Tillage After Long Periods of No-Till

Long-term no-till systems have led to shifts in weed communities and reduced the effectiveness of herbicide-based control. Occasional tillage is proposed as an alternative strategy to disrupt weed emergence patterns by redistributing seeds within the soil profile. This study aimed to evaluate the im...

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Main Authors: Fernando Oreja, Marianne Torcat Fuentes, Antonio Barrio, Dario Javier Schiavinato, Virginia Rosso, Elba de la Fuente
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Agronomy
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/6/1410
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author Fernando Oreja
Marianne Torcat Fuentes
Antonio Barrio
Dario Javier Schiavinato
Virginia Rosso
Elba de la Fuente
author_facet Fernando Oreja
Marianne Torcat Fuentes
Antonio Barrio
Dario Javier Schiavinato
Virginia Rosso
Elba de la Fuente
author_sort Fernando Oreja
collection DOAJ
description Long-term no-till systems have led to shifts in weed communities and reduced the effectiveness of herbicide-based control. Occasional tillage is proposed as an alternative strategy to disrupt weed emergence patterns by redistributing seeds within the soil profile. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of occasional tillage on weed seedbank composition and vertical distribution of viable weed seeds and propagules within the soil profile, after more than 20 years of continuous no-till. A paired-plot experiment was conducted in Carlos Casares, Buenos Aires, Argentina, with three replications. Treatments included continuous no-till and occasional tillage (two disk harrow passes in August 2022 and April 2023) combined with three soil depths (0–5, 5–10, and 10–15 cm). Soil samples were collected in spring 2022 and fall 2023, and weed emergence was recorded under semi-controlled conditions. Overall species richness did not differ significantly between tillage treatments but was consistently greater in the upper 0–5 cm soil layer. Weed abundance also declined with depth. Five species, <i>Chenopodium album</i>, <i>Stellaria media</i>, <i>Eleusine indica</i>, <i>Oxybasis macrosperma</i>, and <i>Heliotropium curassavicum</i>, were frequent across treatments. Some species were exclusive to either no-till or tilled plots, for example, <i>Datura ferox</i>, <i>Poa annua</i>, and <i>Veronica peregrina</i> were found only in tilled plots, while <i>Portulaca oleracea</i>, <i>Medicago lupulina</i>, and <i>Trifolium repens</i> were exclusive to no-till plots. These results indicate that occasional tillage alters species composition and vertical seed distribution in the seedbank without significantly reducing total richness or abundance, offering an additional, but not always effective, tool to influence weed community structure in no-till systems.
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spelling doaj-art-fa1b8e38351448e2bd86fd9eaeb179352025-08-20T03:30:25ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-06-01156141010.3390/agronomy15061410Weed Seedbank Changes Associated with Temporary Tillage After Long Periods of No-TillFernando Oreja0Marianne Torcat Fuentes1Antonio Barrio2Dario Javier Schiavinato3Virginia Rosso4Elba de la Fuente5Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USADepartamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaDepartamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaDepartamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaDepartamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaDepartamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, ArgentinaLong-term no-till systems have led to shifts in weed communities and reduced the effectiveness of herbicide-based control. Occasional tillage is proposed as an alternative strategy to disrupt weed emergence patterns by redistributing seeds within the soil profile. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of occasional tillage on weed seedbank composition and vertical distribution of viable weed seeds and propagules within the soil profile, after more than 20 years of continuous no-till. A paired-plot experiment was conducted in Carlos Casares, Buenos Aires, Argentina, with three replications. Treatments included continuous no-till and occasional tillage (two disk harrow passes in August 2022 and April 2023) combined with three soil depths (0–5, 5–10, and 10–15 cm). Soil samples were collected in spring 2022 and fall 2023, and weed emergence was recorded under semi-controlled conditions. Overall species richness did not differ significantly between tillage treatments but was consistently greater in the upper 0–5 cm soil layer. Weed abundance also declined with depth. Five species, <i>Chenopodium album</i>, <i>Stellaria media</i>, <i>Eleusine indica</i>, <i>Oxybasis macrosperma</i>, and <i>Heliotropium curassavicum</i>, were frequent across treatments. Some species were exclusive to either no-till or tilled plots, for example, <i>Datura ferox</i>, <i>Poa annua</i>, and <i>Veronica peregrina</i> were found only in tilled plots, while <i>Portulaca oleracea</i>, <i>Medicago lupulina</i>, and <i>Trifolium repens</i> were exclusive to no-till plots. These results indicate that occasional tillage alters species composition and vertical seed distribution in the seedbank without significantly reducing total richness or abundance, offering an additional, but not always effective, tool to influence weed community structure in no-till systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/6/1410herbicide resistanceintegrated weed managementrichnessseedling emergenceweed abundanceweed community
spellingShingle Fernando Oreja
Marianne Torcat Fuentes
Antonio Barrio
Dario Javier Schiavinato
Virginia Rosso
Elba de la Fuente
Weed Seedbank Changes Associated with Temporary Tillage After Long Periods of No-Till
Agronomy
herbicide resistance
integrated weed management
richness
seedling emergence
weed abundance
weed community
title Weed Seedbank Changes Associated with Temporary Tillage After Long Periods of No-Till
title_full Weed Seedbank Changes Associated with Temporary Tillage After Long Periods of No-Till
title_fullStr Weed Seedbank Changes Associated with Temporary Tillage After Long Periods of No-Till
title_full_unstemmed Weed Seedbank Changes Associated with Temporary Tillage After Long Periods of No-Till
title_short Weed Seedbank Changes Associated with Temporary Tillage After Long Periods of No-Till
title_sort weed seedbank changes associated with temporary tillage after long periods of no till
topic herbicide resistance
integrated weed management
richness
seedling emergence
weed abundance
weed community
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/6/1410
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