Assessment of toxic interaction of lead and chromium metals in binary mixture in quails: A hematological study
Introduction Overpopulation and global trends toward industrialization are continuously affecting the environment in terms of pollution. The heavy metals in industrial effluents are considered the prime environmental toxicants, which are regarded as harmful to the surrounding organisms. The current...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Publishing
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Public Health and Toxicology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.publichealthtoxicology.com/Assessment-of-toxic-interaction-of-lead-and-chromium-metals-in-binary-mixture-in,192741,0,2.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction
Overpopulation and global trends toward
industrialization are continuously affecting the environment
in terms of pollution. The heavy metals in industrial effluents
are considered the prime environmental toxicants, which
are regarded as harmful to the surrounding organisms. The
current research aims to investigate the co-exposure effects
of the two most harmful heavy metals of lead and chromium,
on the hematological indices of common quails.
Methods
An experimental animal study was carried out to
evaluate the hematological parameters such as hematocrit,
hemoglobin content, RBC count, WBC count, ESR, MCV, MCH,
and MCHC. In addition, the behavioral and body weight
changes due to these metals were also considered in this
study. For the experiment, 12 healthy, adult, common quails
(Coturnix coturnix) of 100–120 g body weight were used.
Animals were classified into three groups (4 birds/group).
Group 1 was the control group which was provided only
with tap water and standard pellet feed. Group 2 was the
low dose experimental group, provided with lead (1 mg/kg
body weight) and chromium (2 mg/kg body weight). Group
3 was the high dose experimental group with administration
of high doses of lead (10 mg/kg body weight) and chromium
(8 mg/kg body weight).
Results
The study revealed a significant (p<0.05) rise in
the values of WBC (109/L) count (high dose, 21.37 ± 0.55;
low dose, 17.05 ± 0.43; control, 13.12 ± 0.43), platelets
(109/L) count (high dose, 298.7 ± 7.46; low dose, 231.0 ±
10.85; control, 181.5 ± 8.35), ESR (high dose, 7.87 ± 0.38; low
dose, 3.95 ± 0.32; control, 1.82 ± 0.13), MCV (fL) (high dose,
147.65 ± 9.40; low dose, 147.52 ± 1.49; control=116.00 ±
2.04), and MCH (pg) (high dose, 37.35 ± 1.66; low dose, 40.46
± 0.35; control=33.50 ± 0.65) in the experimental groups.
However, a significant (p<0.05) decline was observed in the
number of total RBCs (1012/L) (high dose, 1.90 ± 0.19; low
dose, 2.72 ± 0.11; control=4.50 ± 0.12), hematocrit (%) (high
dose, 40.25 ± 2.02; low dose, 40.25 ± 2.02; control=51.25 ±
1.10), hemoglobin(g/dL) (high dose, 7.00 ± 0.40; low dose,
11.02 ± 0.42; control=15.35 ± 0.37), and MCHC (g/dL) (high
dose, 25.55 ± 0.59; low dose, 27.43 ± 0.40; control=29.00
± 0.41) in the blood of the experimental groups. In the
experimented groups, behavioral variations were also
observed.
Conclusions
The co-exposure to lead and chromium
induced potential toxic effects on the hematopoietic system
in quails alongside unusual behavior and decline in body
weight. |
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| ISSN: | 2732-8929 |