Gender Differences Are a Leading Factor in 5-Year Survival of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis over Antifibrotic Therapy Reduction
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive lung disease with a median survival of 3–5 years. Antifibrotic therapies like pirfenidone and nintedanib slow progression, but the outcomes vary. Gender may influence disease presentation, progression, and response to treatmen...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/106 |
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| author | Pasquale Tondo Giulia Scioscia Cosimo C. De Pace Fabiola Murgolo Federica Maci Giulia M. Stella Dalila Pescatore Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro Donato Lacedonia |
| author_facet | Pasquale Tondo Giulia Scioscia Cosimo C. De Pace Fabiola Murgolo Federica Maci Giulia M. Stella Dalila Pescatore Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro Donato Lacedonia |
| author_sort | Pasquale Tondo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive lung disease with a median survival of 3–5 years. Antifibrotic therapies like pirfenidone and nintedanib slow progression, but the outcomes vary. Gender may influence disease presentation, progression, and response to treatment. This study evaluates the impact of gender on the 5-year survival, pharmacological management, and clinical outcomes of patients with IPF. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 254 IPF patients was conducted, with 164 (131 males:33 females) having complete data. Patients underwent spirometry, DLCO, and 6 min walk tests. Data on comorbidities, smoking, antifibrotic therapy type, dosage adjustments, and adverse events were collected. We used Kaplan–Meier survival curves and logistic regression to assess gender-related differences in outcomes. Results: Men had worse lung function at diagnosis (FVC 74.9 ± 18.5 vs. 87.2 ± 20.1% of pred.; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a higher smoking prevalence (74% vs. 30%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Women had better survival (51.2 vs. 40.8 ± 19.2 months; <i>p</i> = 0.005) despite more frequent biopsy use (36% vs. 17%; <i>p</i> = 0.013). Women tolerated longer therapy better (<i>p</i> = 0.001). No differences were found between patients receiving reduced antifibrotic dosing and those receiving full dosing. Conclusions: Gender has a significant impact on IPF outcomes, with women demonstrating better survival and tolerance to long-term therapy. In contrast, reducing antifibrotic treatment does not appear to significantly affect survival outcomes. These findings underscore the need for future research on gender-specific management approaches. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f8b6c35999f04332b984e4095fdecb06 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj-art-f8b6c35999f04332b984e4095fdecb062025-01-24T13:38:48ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292025-01-0115110610.3390/life15010106Gender Differences Are a Leading Factor in 5-Year Survival of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis over Antifibrotic Therapy ReductionPasquale Tondo0Giulia Scioscia1Cosimo C. De Pace2Fabiola Murgolo3Federica Maci4Giulia M. Stella5Dalila Pescatore6Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro7Donato Lacedonia8Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyRespiratory Diseases and Rehabilitation Unit, “Teresa Maselli Mascia” Hospital, 71016 San Severo, ItalyDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyPulmonology Unit, “A. Perrino” Hospital, 72100 Brindisi, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyBackground: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive lung disease with a median survival of 3–5 years. Antifibrotic therapies like pirfenidone and nintedanib slow progression, but the outcomes vary. Gender may influence disease presentation, progression, and response to treatment. This study evaluates the impact of gender on the 5-year survival, pharmacological management, and clinical outcomes of patients with IPF. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 254 IPF patients was conducted, with 164 (131 males:33 females) having complete data. Patients underwent spirometry, DLCO, and 6 min walk tests. Data on comorbidities, smoking, antifibrotic therapy type, dosage adjustments, and adverse events were collected. We used Kaplan–Meier survival curves and logistic regression to assess gender-related differences in outcomes. Results: Men had worse lung function at diagnosis (FVC 74.9 ± 18.5 vs. 87.2 ± 20.1% of pred.; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a higher smoking prevalence (74% vs. 30%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Women had better survival (51.2 vs. 40.8 ± 19.2 months; <i>p</i> = 0.005) despite more frequent biopsy use (36% vs. 17%; <i>p</i> = 0.013). Women tolerated longer therapy better (<i>p</i> = 0.001). No differences were found between patients receiving reduced antifibrotic dosing and those receiving full dosing. Conclusions: Gender has a significant impact on IPF outcomes, with women demonstrating better survival and tolerance to long-term therapy. In contrast, reducing antifibrotic treatment does not appear to significantly affect survival outcomes. These findings underscore the need for future research on gender-specific management approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/106IPFsurvivalnintendanibpirfenidoneantifibrotic treatment |
| spellingShingle | Pasquale Tondo Giulia Scioscia Cosimo C. De Pace Fabiola Murgolo Federica Maci Giulia M. Stella Dalila Pescatore Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro Donato Lacedonia Gender Differences Are a Leading Factor in 5-Year Survival of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis over Antifibrotic Therapy Reduction Life IPF survival nintendanib pirfenidone antifibrotic treatment |
| title | Gender Differences Are a Leading Factor in 5-Year Survival of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis over Antifibrotic Therapy Reduction |
| title_full | Gender Differences Are a Leading Factor in 5-Year Survival of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis over Antifibrotic Therapy Reduction |
| title_fullStr | Gender Differences Are a Leading Factor in 5-Year Survival of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis over Antifibrotic Therapy Reduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender Differences Are a Leading Factor in 5-Year Survival of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis over Antifibrotic Therapy Reduction |
| title_short | Gender Differences Are a Leading Factor in 5-Year Survival of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis over Antifibrotic Therapy Reduction |
| title_sort | gender differences are a leading factor in 5 year survival of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis over antifibrotic therapy reduction |
| topic | IPF survival nintendanib pirfenidone antifibrotic treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/15/1/106 |
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