Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art Review
This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the lithium battery degradation mechanisms and failure modes. It discusses these issues in a general context and then focuses on various families or material types used in the batteries, particularly in anodes and cathodes. The paper begins with a gene...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/342 |
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| author | Joselyn Stephane Menye Mamadou-Baïlo Camara Brayima Dakyo |
| author_facet | Joselyn Stephane Menye Mamadou-Baïlo Camara Brayima Dakyo |
| author_sort | Joselyn Stephane Menye |
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| description | This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the lithium battery degradation mechanisms and failure modes. It discusses these issues in a general context and then focuses on various families or material types used in the batteries, particularly in anodes and cathodes. The paper begins with a general overview of lithium batteries and their operations. It explains the fundamental principles of the electrochemical reaction that occurs in a battery, as well as the key components such as the anode, cathode, and electrolyte. The paper explores also the degradation processes and failure modes of lithium batteries. It examines the main factors contributing to these issues, including the operating temperature and current. It highlights the specific degradation mechanisms associated with each type of material, whether it is graphite, silicon, metallic lithium, cobalt, nickel, or manganese oxides used in the electrodes. Some degradations are due to the temperature and the current waveforms. Then, the importance of thermal management and current management is emphasized throughout the paper. It highlights the negative effects of overheating, excessive current, or inappropriate voltage on the stability and lifespan of lithium batteries. It also underscores the significance of battery management systems (BMS) in monitoring and controlling these parameters to minimize the degradation and the risk of failure. This work provides a summary of valuable insight into the development of BMS. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the degradation mechanisms and failure modes specific to different families of lithium batteries, as well as the critical influence of temperature and current quality. Rational management or efficient controlling of these parameters can enhance the performance, reliability, and lifespan of lithium batteries. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f842356bc1f24124afc29d8d1bb6c5bd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-f842356bc1f24124afc29d8d1bb6c5bd2025-01-24T13:31:07ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-01-0118234210.3390/en18020342Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art ReviewJoselyn Stephane Menye0Mamadou-Baïlo Camara1Brayima Dakyo2GREAH Laboratory, University of Le Havre Normandie, 75 Rue Bellot, 76600 Le Havre, FranceGREAH Laboratory, University of Le Havre Normandie, 75 Rue Bellot, 76600 Le Havre, FranceGREAH Laboratory, University of Le Havre Normandie, 75 Rue Bellot, 76600 Le Havre, FranceThis paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the lithium battery degradation mechanisms and failure modes. It discusses these issues in a general context and then focuses on various families or material types used in the batteries, particularly in anodes and cathodes. The paper begins with a general overview of lithium batteries and their operations. It explains the fundamental principles of the electrochemical reaction that occurs in a battery, as well as the key components such as the anode, cathode, and electrolyte. The paper explores also the degradation processes and failure modes of lithium batteries. It examines the main factors contributing to these issues, including the operating temperature and current. It highlights the specific degradation mechanisms associated with each type of material, whether it is graphite, silicon, metallic lithium, cobalt, nickel, or manganese oxides used in the electrodes. Some degradations are due to the temperature and the current waveforms. Then, the importance of thermal management and current management is emphasized throughout the paper. It highlights the negative effects of overheating, excessive current, or inappropriate voltage on the stability and lifespan of lithium batteries. It also underscores the significance of battery management systems (BMS) in monitoring and controlling these parameters to minimize the degradation and the risk of failure. This work provides a summary of valuable insight into the development of BMS. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the degradation mechanisms and failure modes specific to different families of lithium batteries, as well as the critical influence of temperature and current quality. Rational management or efficient controlling of these parameters can enhance the performance, reliability, and lifespan of lithium batteries.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/342lithium-ion batterybattery degradation and failurebattery management systemsbattery agingbattery characterization |
| spellingShingle | Joselyn Stephane Menye Mamadou-Baïlo Camara Brayima Dakyo Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art Review Energies lithium-ion battery battery degradation and failure battery management systems battery aging battery characterization |
| title | Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art Review |
| title_full | Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art Review |
| title_fullStr | Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art Review |
| title_short | Lithium Battery Degradation and Failure Mechanisms: A State-of-the-Art Review |
| title_sort | lithium battery degradation and failure mechanisms a state of the art review |
| topic | lithium-ion battery battery degradation and failure battery management systems battery aging battery characterization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/342 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joselynstephanemenye lithiumbatterydegradationandfailuremechanismsastateoftheartreview AT mamadoubailocamara lithiumbatterydegradationandfailuremechanismsastateoftheartreview AT brayimadakyo lithiumbatterydegradationandfailuremechanismsastateoftheartreview |