Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma
BackgroundTo assess the oncologic outcomes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent treatment with radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation therapy (CRT) following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery.MethodsData from patients who underwent neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, s...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1571285/full |
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| _version_ | 1850193252469178368 |
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| author | Gang Li Jiheng Wang Qigen Fang Liyuan Dai Wei Du |
| author_facet | Gang Li Jiheng Wang Qigen Fang Liyuan Dai Wei Du |
| author_sort | Gang Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundTo assess the oncologic outcomes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent treatment with radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation therapy (CRT) following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery.MethodsData from patients who underwent neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant therapy were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcomes assessed were 3-year overall survival and locoregional control. Secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR), rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and major pathologic response (MPR), as well as safety.ResultsA total of 137 patients were included in the analysis. Neoadjuvant therapy yielded an ORR of 81.7%, with pCR and MPR achieved in 47 and 73 patients, respectively. Grade III and IV adverse events were rare, comprising only 1.6% of all events. The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to RT did not show a significant reduction in the risk of locoregional recurrence. However, with regards to overall survival, the hazard ratios were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.73-0.96) for the MPR group and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.37-0.89) for the pCR group, both significantly higher than that in patients with incomplete pathologic response. The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to RT was associated with a 5% reduction in the risk of mortality (95% CI: 1%-14%), the protective effect of CRT was the most obvious in patients with MPR.ConclusionNeoadjuvant immunochemotherapy demonstrated high safety and efficacy in oral SCC. CRT was superior to RT in terms of overall survival especially in patients with MPR when administered following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f7d01db9a60d494eaecd9db65a6426aa |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f7d01db9a60d494eaecd9db65a6426aa2025-08-20T02:14:19ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-05-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15712851571285Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinomaGang LiJiheng WangQigen FangLiyuan DaiWei DuBackgroundTo assess the oncologic outcomes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent treatment with radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation therapy (CRT) following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery.MethodsData from patients who underwent neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant therapy were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcomes assessed were 3-year overall survival and locoregional control. Secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR), rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) and major pathologic response (MPR), as well as safety.ResultsA total of 137 patients were included in the analysis. Neoadjuvant therapy yielded an ORR of 81.7%, with pCR and MPR achieved in 47 and 73 patients, respectively. Grade III and IV adverse events were rare, comprising only 1.6% of all events. The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to RT did not show a significant reduction in the risk of locoregional recurrence. However, with regards to overall survival, the hazard ratios were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.73-0.96) for the MPR group and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.37-0.89) for the pCR group, both significantly higher than that in patients with incomplete pathologic response. The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy to RT was associated with a 5% reduction in the risk of mortality (95% CI: 1%-14%), the protective effect of CRT was the most obvious in patients with MPR.ConclusionNeoadjuvant immunochemotherapy demonstrated high safety and efficacy in oral SCC. CRT was superior to RT in terms of overall survival especially in patients with MPR when administered following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1571285/fullneoadjuvant immunochemotherapyoral squamous cell carcinomachemoradiationradiotherapysafety |
| spellingShingle | Gang Li Jiheng Wang Qigen Fang Liyuan Dai Wei Du Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma Frontiers in Immunology neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy oral squamous cell carcinoma chemoradiation radiotherapy safety |
| title | Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| title_full | Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| title_short | Oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| title_sort | oncologic outcomes following neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| topic | neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy oral squamous cell carcinoma chemoradiation radiotherapy safety |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1571285/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gangli oncologicoutcomesfollowingneoadjuvantimmunochemotherapyinlocallyadvancedoralsquamouscellcarcinoma AT jihengwang oncologicoutcomesfollowingneoadjuvantimmunochemotherapyinlocallyadvancedoralsquamouscellcarcinoma AT qigenfang oncologicoutcomesfollowingneoadjuvantimmunochemotherapyinlocallyadvancedoralsquamouscellcarcinoma AT liyuandai oncologicoutcomesfollowingneoadjuvantimmunochemotherapyinlocallyadvancedoralsquamouscellcarcinoma AT weidu oncologicoutcomesfollowingneoadjuvantimmunochemotherapyinlocallyadvancedoralsquamouscellcarcinoma |