Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study
Abstract Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are commonly utilized in consumer products. While earlier studies have suggested potential impacts of certain PFAS on serum concentrations of vitamin D, these investigations were constrained to a limited set of conventional PFAS. Moreove...
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01140-9 |
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| author | Hui Zhao Yuxin Ren Jianping Ni Lanlan Fang Tao Zhang Mengmeng Wang Guoqi Cai Yubo Ma Faming Pan |
| author_facet | Hui Zhao Yuxin Ren Jianping Ni Lanlan Fang Tao Zhang Mengmeng Wang Guoqi Cai Yubo Ma Faming Pan |
| author_sort | Hui Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are commonly utilized in consumer products. While earlier studies have suggested potential impacts of certain PFAS on serum concentrations of vitamin D, these investigations were constrained to a limited set of conventional PFAS. Moreover, they did not specifically focus on populations with longer duration of PFAS exposure and potentially higher blood PFAS levels, such as older adults, and lacked adequate evidence to examine sex-related disparities. Methods This observational investigation utilized cross-sectional data obtained from the U.S. NHANES spanning the years 2003 to 2018. Survey-weighted multiple regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between PFAS exposure and vitamin D concentrations. Multi-pollutant models were employed to evaluate the association between PFAS mixtures and vitamin D concentrations. Subsequently, environmental risk scores (ERS) were constructed to gauge associations with vitamin D concentrations. ERS was computed through a weighted linear combination of PFAS, utilizing calculations from ridge regression and adaptive elasticity network (adENET) methodologies. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results The study encompassed 3,853 older adults. Our analysis revealed a negative association between PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and MeFOSAA and serum vitamin D concentrations. In analyses examining mixed exposures, various models consistently indicated an inverse association between PFAS mixed exposure and vitamin D concentrations. Moreover, an increase in ERS of PFAS across the interquartile range was associated with a decrease in vitamin D concentrations (Q4 vs. Q1, adENET: β: -0.083, 95% CI: -0.117, -0.048; ridge regression: β: -0.077, 95% CI: -0.111, -0.042). Notably, these associations were exclusively observed within the female population. Conclusions Our study indicates that heightened exposure to PFAS correlates with diminished serum vitamin D concentrations in females aged 60 years and older, evident in both single and mixed exposures. These findings find support in in vitro mechanistic studies, suggesting that PFAS may impact the metabolism of 25(OH)D, consequently affecting vitamin D concentrations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f75e5cc8f3554e2a8b086f45b4e2a6fc |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1476-069X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-f75e5cc8f3554e2a8b086f45b4e2a6fc2025-08-20T02:22:16ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2024-11-0123111310.1186/s12940-024-01140-9Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational studyHui Zhao0Yuxin Ren1Jianping Ni2Lanlan Fang3Tao Zhang4Mengmeng Wang5Guoqi Cai6Yubo Ma7Faming Pan8Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical UniversityAbstract Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are commonly utilized in consumer products. While earlier studies have suggested potential impacts of certain PFAS on serum concentrations of vitamin D, these investigations were constrained to a limited set of conventional PFAS. Moreover, they did not specifically focus on populations with longer duration of PFAS exposure and potentially higher blood PFAS levels, such as older adults, and lacked adequate evidence to examine sex-related disparities. Methods This observational investigation utilized cross-sectional data obtained from the U.S. NHANES spanning the years 2003 to 2018. Survey-weighted multiple regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between PFAS exposure and vitamin D concentrations. Multi-pollutant models were employed to evaluate the association between PFAS mixtures and vitamin D concentrations. Subsequently, environmental risk scores (ERS) were constructed to gauge associations with vitamin D concentrations. ERS was computed through a weighted linear combination of PFAS, utilizing calculations from ridge regression and adaptive elasticity network (adENET) methodologies. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results The study encompassed 3,853 older adults. Our analysis revealed a negative association between PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and MeFOSAA and serum vitamin D concentrations. In analyses examining mixed exposures, various models consistently indicated an inverse association between PFAS mixed exposure and vitamin D concentrations. Moreover, an increase in ERS of PFAS across the interquartile range was associated with a decrease in vitamin D concentrations (Q4 vs. Q1, adENET: β: -0.083, 95% CI: -0.117, -0.048; ridge regression: β: -0.077, 95% CI: -0.111, -0.042). Notably, these associations were exclusively observed within the female population. Conclusions Our study indicates that heightened exposure to PFAS correlates with diminished serum vitamin D concentrations in females aged 60 years and older, evident in both single and mixed exposures. These findings find support in in vitro mechanistic studies, suggesting that PFAS may impact the metabolism of 25(OH)D, consequently affecting vitamin D concentrations.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01140-9PFASVitamin DCo-exposureERSOlder adults |
| spellingShingle | Hui Zhao Yuxin Ren Jianping Ni Lanlan Fang Tao Zhang Mengmeng Wang Guoqi Cai Yubo Ma Faming Pan Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study Environmental Health PFAS Vitamin D Co-exposure ERS Older adults |
| title | Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study |
| title_full | Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study |
| title_fullStr | Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study |
| title_short | Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study |
| title_sort | sex specific association of per and polyfluoroalkyl substances pfas exposure with vitamin d concentrations in older adults in the usa an observational study |
| topic | PFAS Vitamin D Co-exposure ERS Older adults |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01140-9 |
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