LIG-Based High-Sensitivity Multiplexed Sensing System for Simultaneous Monitoring of Metabolites and Electrolytes

With improvements in medical environments and the widespread use of smartphones, interest in wearable biosensors for continuous body monitoring is growing. We developed a wearable multiplexed bio-sensing system that non-invasively monitors body fluids and integrates with a smartphone application. Th...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sang Hyun Park, James Jungho Pak
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6945
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850062418179260416
author Sang Hyun Park
James Jungho Pak
author_facet Sang Hyun Park
James Jungho Pak
author_sort Sang Hyun Park
collection DOAJ
description With improvements in medical environments and the widespread use of smartphones, interest in wearable biosensors for continuous body monitoring is growing. We developed a wearable multiplexed bio-sensing system that non-invasively monitors body fluids and integrates with a smartphone application. The system includes sensors, readout circuits, and a microcontroller unit (MCU) for signal processing and wireless communication. Potentiometric and amperometric measurement methods were used, with calibration capabilities added to ensure accurate readings of analyte concentrations and temperature. Laser-induced graphene (LIG)-based sensors for glucose, lactate, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and temperature were developed for fast, cost-effective production. The LIG electrode’s 3D porous structure provided an active surface area 16 times larger than its apparent area, resulting in enhanced sensor performance. The glucose and lactate sensors exhibited high sensitivity (168.15 and 872.08 μAmM<sup>−1</sup>cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively) and low detection limits (0.191 and 0.167 μM, respectively). The Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> sensors demonstrated sensitivities of 65.26 and 62.19 mVdec<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, in a concentration range of 0.01–100 mM. Temperature sensors showed an average rate of resistance change per °C of 0.25%/°C, within a temperature range of 20–40 °C, providing accurate body temperature monitoring.
format Article
id doaj-art-f709f46c35d541ddbe9d98e17c1b3729
institution DOAJ
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-f709f46c35d541ddbe9d98e17c1b37292025-08-20T02:49:55ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-10-012421694510.3390/s24216945LIG-Based High-Sensitivity Multiplexed Sensing System for Simultaneous Monitoring of Metabolites and ElectrolytesSang Hyun Park0James Jungho Pak1School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaWith improvements in medical environments and the widespread use of smartphones, interest in wearable biosensors for continuous body monitoring is growing. We developed a wearable multiplexed bio-sensing system that non-invasively monitors body fluids and integrates with a smartphone application. The system includes sensors, readout circuits, and a microcontroller unit (MCU) for signal processing and wireless communication. Potentiometric and amperometric measurement methods were used, with calibration capabilities added to ensure accurate readings of analyte concentrations and temperature. Laser-induced graphene (LIG)-based sensors for glucose, lactate, Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and temperature were developed for fast, cost-effective production. The LIG electrode’s 3D porous structure provided an active surface area 16 times larger than its apparent area, resulting in enhanced sensor performance. The glucose and lactate sensors exhibited high sensitivity (168.15 and 872.08 μAmM<sup>−1</sup>cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively) and low detection limits (0.191 and 0.167 μM, respectively). The Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> sensors demonstrated sensitivities of 65.26 and 62.19 mVdec<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, in a concentration range of 0.01–100 mM. Temperature sensors showed an average rate of resistance change per °C of 0.25%/°C, within a temperature range of 20–40 °C, providing accurate body temperature monitoring.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6945wearable biosensorlaser-induced grapheneglucose sensorlactate sensorNa<sup>+</sup> sensorK<sup>+</sup> sensor
spellingShingle Sang Hyun Park
James Jungho Pak
LIG-Based High-Sensitivity Multiplexed Sensing System for Simultaneous Monitoring of Metabolites and Electrolytes
Sensors
wearable biosensor
laser-induced graphene
glucose sensor
lactate sensor
Na<sup>+</sup> sensor
K<sup>+</sup> sensor
title LIG-Based High-Sensitivity Multiplexed Sensing System for Simultaneous Monitoring of Metabolites and Electrolytes
title_full LIG-Based High-Sensitivity Multiplexed Sensing System for Simultaneous Monitoring of Metabolites and Electrolytes
title_fullStr LIG-Based High-Sensitivity Multiplexed Sensing System for Simultaneous Monitoring of Metabolites and Electrolytes
title_full_unstemmed LIG-Based High-Sensitivity Multiplexed Sensing System for Simultaneous Monitoring of Metabolites and Electrolytes
title_short LIG-Based High-Sensitivity Multiplexed Sensing System for Simultaneous Monitoring of Metabolites and Electrolytes
title_sort lig based high sensitivity multiplexed sensing system for simultaneous monitoring of metabolites and electrolytes
topic wearable biosensor
laser-induced graphene
glucose sensor
lactate sensor
Na<sup>+</sup> sensor
K<sup>+</sup> sensor
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/21/6945
work_keys_str_mv AT sanghyunpark ligbasedhighsensitivitymultiplexedsensingsystemforsimultaneousmonitoringofmetabolitesandelectrolytes
AT jamesjunghopak ligbasedhighsensitivitymultiplexedsensingsystemforsimultaneousmonitoringofmetabolitesandelectrolytes