Incidence, clinical characteristics and survival of patients with functional neuroendocrine lung tumors
Introduction: Functional neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a special group of NETs in which features of hormonal hypersecretory syndrome additionally complicate clinical picture and treatment of tumoral disease. Functional NETs mostly originate from pancreas and lungs, but data is very limited when i...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
University of Belgrade, Medical Faculty
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Medicinski Podmladak |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0369-1527/2024/0369-15272404043V.pdf |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Functional neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a special group of NETs in which features of hormonal hypersecretory syndrome additionally complicate clinical picture and treatment of tumoral disease. Functional NETs mostly originate from pancreas and lungs, but data is very limited when it comes to lung NETs. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence, clinical characteristics and survival of patients with functional lung NETs. Material and methods: We analyzed a total of 230 patients. Tumor grade was assessed according to the current WHO classification, and tumor stage according to AJCC/TNM criteria/ classification. The patients were analyzed in terms of presence of the following hypersecre-tory syndromes: 1) carcinoid syndrome, 2) ectopic Cushing's syndrome, 3) SIADH, 4) ectopic acromegaly, 5) ectopic calcitonin secretion. The diagnoses were made by hormonal values and appropriate functional tests. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software package (version 25.0). Results: Functional tumor was diagnosed in 55 (23.9%) patients, mostly presenting with carcinoid syndrome (9.1%) and ectopic Cushing's syndrome (6.5%). Functional tumors were predominantly (66.7%) well-differentiated typical (TC) and atypical carcinoids (AC). The majority was metastatic (76.4%), which was significantly more frequent than in the non-functional group (p = 0.003). Two groups were similar in primary tumor size (p = 0.705) and tumor grade (p = 0.161). The overall survival of functional lung NETs was 36.0 ± 16.3 months. This was significantly shorter compared to non-functional tumors (p = 0.002), but the difference was maintained only in the well-differentiated tumor groups (p = 0.024 for TC, p = 0.009 for AC, p = 0.781 for LCNEC, and p = 0.632 for SCLC). Conclusion: Functional lung NETs make up almost a quarter of all lung NETs, affecting clinical picture and treatment choices. Our data suggests that the functionality itself might have an impact on survival of patients with well-differentiated tumors, but more studies are needed to confirm this thesis. |
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| ISSN: | 0369-1527 2466-5525 |