Harnessing defective interfering particles and lipid nanoparticles for effective delivery of an anti-dengue virus RNA therapy

Harnessing defective interfering particles and lipid nanoparticles for effective delivery of an anti-dengue virus RNA therapy

Currently, no approved antiviral drugs target dengue virus (DENV) infection, leaving treatment reliant on supportive care. DENV vaccine efficacy varies depending on the vaccine type, the circulating serotype, and vaccine coverage. We investigated defective interfering particles (DIPs) and lipid nano...

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Main Authors: Min-Hsuan Lin, Pramila Maniam, Dongsheng Li, Bing Tang, Cameron R. Bishop, Andreas Suhrbier, Lucy Wales- Earl, Yaman Tayyar, Nigel A.J. McMillan, Li Li, David Harrich
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Molecular Therapy: Nucleic Acids
Subjects:
MT: Delivery Strategies
defective
interfering
RNA
DIPs
LNPs
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2162253124003111
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Summary:Currently, no approved antiviral drugs target dengue virus (DENV) infection, leaving treatment reliant on supportive care. DENV vaccine efficacy varies depending on the vaccine type, the circulating serotype, and vaccine coverage. We investigated defective interfering particles (DIPs) and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver DI290, an anti-DENV DI RNA. Both DIPs and DI290-loaded LNPs (LNP-290) effectively suppressed DENV infection in human primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), THP-1 macrophages, and fibroblasts-natural DENV targets. Inhibiting interferon (IFN) signaling with a Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitor or an IFN-α/β receptor 1 (IFNAR1)-binding antibody blocked DIP and LNP-290 antiviral activity. LNP-290 demonstrated a greater than log10 inhibition of DENV viral loads in IFNAR-deficient (Ifnar−/−) and IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 3 and 7 double knockout (Irf3/7−/−) mice. Pathway analysis of RNA sequencing data from LNP-treated C57BL/6J mice, Ifnar−/− mice, and human MDMs treated with LNPs or DENV DIPs indicated DI290 treatment enhanced IFN responses, suggesting IFN-λ and IFN-γ provided antiviral activity when IFN-α/β responses were diminished. While viral interference by DI290 is possible, results did not support RNA replication competition as an inhibition mechanism. These findings suggest that DI290 may be a promising DENV therapeutic by activating the innate immune system.
ISSN:2162-2531

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