Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among under 5 Children with Special Emphasis on Children with Comorbidities: A Hospital Based Study Post Rotavirus Vaccination Implementation in Madhya Pradesh, India

The most common cause of severe diarrhea in children under five is rotavirus infection. Pediatric comorbidities are integral components that may affect the prognostic outcomes of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE). However, little is known about RVGE severity in the presence of comorbid conditions in...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shashwati Nema, Disha Gautam, Debasis Biswas, Khadija Mehdi, Shikha Malik, Bhavna Dhingra
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://microbiologyjournal.org/rotavirus-gastroenteritis-among-under-5-children-with-special-emphasis-on-children-with-comorbidities-a-hospital-based-study-post-rotavirus-vaccination-implementation-in-madhya-pradesh-india/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850219996708339712
author Shashwati Nema
Disha Gautam
Debasis Biswas
Khadija Mehdi
Shikha Malik
Bhavna Dhingra
author_facet Shashwati Nema
Disha Gautam
Debasis Biswas
Khadija Mehdi
Shikha Malik
Bhavna Dhingra
author_sort Shashwati Nema
collection DOAJ
description The most common cause of severe diarrhea in children under five is rotavirus infection. Pediatric comorbidities are integral components that may affect the prognostic outcomes of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE). However, little is known about RVGE severity in the presence of comorbid conditions in children under five years of age. This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of rotavirus diarrhea in children with and without co-morbidities. Children under five years of age suffering from acute diarrhea and admitted to the Inpatient Department (IPD)/Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were included. ELISA was used to identify the rotavirus antigen in stool samples obtained from each of the study participants. The Vesikari severity score index was used to assess the degree of disease severity. Out of the 76 participants recruited, rotavirus was detected in 13 (17.1%) cases. Comorbidities were present in 42 (55.2%) of the study participants, and eight (10.5%) patients had RVGE. The most common comorbidities observed were severe acute malnutrition (SAM) followed by malignancies. An increased frequency of diarrhea, vomiting, and fever was observed among children under five years of age with rotavirus diarrhea (p < 0.05). A significant difference in the severity of clinical manifestations was observed among RVGE patients with comorbidities (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that rotavirus diarrhea was still common in hospitalized children under five years old, even though rotavirus vaccination was added to the universal immunization program. The presence of comorbidities further accelerated the deterioration of clinical conditions among RVGE patients highlighting the need for additional measures to prevent rotavirus infection in children with comorbid conditions.
format Article
id doaj-art-f676feca2b79486cb4d81041e28cbb12
institution OA Journals
issn 0973-7510
2581-690X
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
record_format Article
series Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
spelling doaj-art-f676feca2b79486cb4d81041e28cbb122025-08-20T02:07:12ZengJournal of Pure and Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Pure and Applied Microbiology0973-75102581-690X2025-06-0119213831389https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.19.2.41Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among under 5 Children with Special Emphasis on Children with Comorbidities: A Hospital Based Study Post Rotavirus Vaccination Implementation in Madhya Pradesh, IndiaShashwati Nemahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8240-2908Disha Gautamhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-5687Debasis Biswashttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-3693Khadija MehdiShikha Malikhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6264-4800Bhavna Dhingrahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9606-5217The most common cause of severe diarrhea in children under five is rotavirus infection. Pediatric comorbidities are integral components that may affect the prognostic outcomes of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE). However, little is known about RVGE severity in the presence of comorbid conditions in children under five years of age. This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of rotavirus diarrhea in children with and without co-morbidities. Children under five years of age suffering from acute diarrhea and admitted to the Inpatient Department (IPD)/Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were included. ELISA was used to identify the rotavirus antigen in stool samples obtained from each of the study participants. The Vesikari severity score index was used to assess the degree of disease severity. Out of the 76 participants recruited, rotavirus was detected in 13 (17.1%) cases. Comorbidities were present in 42 (55.2%) of the study participants, and eight (10.5%) patients had RVGE. The most common comorbidities observed were severe acute malnutrition (SAM) followed by malignancies. An increased frequency of diarrhea, vomiting, and fever was observed among children under five years of age with rotavirus diarrhea (p < 0.05). A significant difference in the severity of clinical manifestations was observed among RVGE patients with comorbidities (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that rotavirus diarrhea was still common in hospitalized children under five years old, even though rotavirus vaccination was added to the universal immunization program. The presence of comorbidities further accelerated the deterioration of clinical conditions among RVGE patients highlighting the need for additional measures to prevent rotavirus infection in children with comorbid conditions.https://microbiologyjournal.org/rotavirus-gastroenteritis-among-under-5-children-with-special-emphasis-on-children-with-comorbidities-a-hospital-based-study-post-rotavirus-vaccination-implementation-in-madhya-pradesh-india/rotavirusco-morbiditygastroenteritisrotavirus antigen elisaunder 5 children
spellingShingle Shashwati Nema
Disha Gautam
Debasis Biswas
Khadija Mehdi
Shikha Malik
Bhavna Dhingra
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among under 5 Children with Special Emphasis on Children with Comorbidities: A Hospital Based Study Post Rotavirus Vaccination Implementation in Madhya Pradesh, India
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology
rotavirus
co-morbidity
gastroenteritis
rotavirus antigen elisa
under 5 children
title Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among under 5 Children with Special Emphasis on Children with Comorbidities: A Hospital Based Study Post Rotavirus Vaccination Implementation in Madhya Pradesh, India
title_full Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among under 5 Children with Special Emphasis on Children with Comorbidities: A Hospital Based Study Post Rotavirus Vaccination Implementation in Madhya Pradesh, India
title_fullStr Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among under 5 Children with Special Emphasis on Children with Comorbidities: A Hospital Based Study Post Rotavirus Vaccination Implementation in Madhya Pradesh, India
title_full_unstemmed Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among under 5 Children with Special Emphasis on Children with Comorbidities: A Hospital Based Study Post Rotavirus Vaccination Implementation in Madhya Pradesh, India
title_short Rotavirus Gastroenteritis among under 5 Children with Special Emphasis on Children with Comorbidities: A Hospital Based Study Post Rotavirus Vaccination Implementation in Madhya Pradesh, India
title_sort rotavirus gastroenteritis among under 5 children with special emphasis on children with comorbidities a hospital based study post rotavirus vaccination implementation in madhya pradesh india
topic rotavirus
co-morbidity
gastroenteritis
rotavirus antigen elisa
under 5 children
url https://microbiologyjournal.org/rotavirus-gastroenteritis-among-under-5-children-with-special-emphasis-on-children-with-comorbidities-a-hospital-based-study-post-rotavirus-vaccination-implementation-in-madhya-pradesh-india/
work_keys_str_mv AT shashwatinema rotavirusgastroenteritisamongunder5childrenwithspecialemphasisonchildrenwithcomorbiditiesahospitalbasedstudypostrotavirusvaccinationimplementationinmadhyapradeshindia
AT dishagautam rotavirusgastroenteritisamongunder5childrenwithspecialemphasisonchildrenwithcomorbiditiesahospitalbasedstudypostrotavirusvaccinationimplementationinmadhyapradeshindia
AT debasisbiswas rotavirusgastroenteritisamongunder5childrenwithspecialemphasisonchildrenwithcomorbiditiesahospitalbasedstudypostrotavirusvaccinationimplementationinmadhyapradeshindia
AT khadijamehdi rotavirusgastroenteritisamongunder5childrenwithspecialemphasisonchildrenwithcomorbiditiesahospitalbasedstudypostrotavirusvaccinationimplementationinmadhyapradeshindia
AT shikhamalik rotavirusgastroenteritisamongunder5childrenwithspecialemphasisonchildrenwithcomorbiditiesahospitalbasedstudypostrotavirusvaccinationimplementationinmadhyapradeshindia
AT bhavnadhingra rotavirusgastroenteritisamongunder5childrenwithspecialemphasisonchildrenwithcomorbiditiesahospitalbasedstudypostrotavirusvaccinationimplementationinmadhyapradeshindia