Intoxication by Cyanide in Pregnant Sows: Prenatal and Postnatal Evaluation

Cyanide is a ubiquitous chemical in the environment and has been associated with many intoxication episodes; however, little is known about its potentially toxic effects on development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal exposure to potassium cyanide (KCN) during pregnancy...

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Main Authors: André T. Gotardo, Isis M. Hueza, Helena Manzano, Viviane M. Maruo, Paulo C. Maiorka, Silvana L. Górniak
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2015-01-01
Series:Journal of Toxicology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/407654
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author André T. Gotardo
Isis M. Hueza
Helena Manzano
Viviane M. Maruo
Paulo C. Maiorka
Silvana L. Górniak
author_facet André T. Gotardo
Isis M. Hueza
Helena Manzano
Viviane M. Maruo
Paulo C. Maiorka
Silvana L. Górniak
author_sort André T. Gotardo
collection DOAJ
description Cyanide is a ubiquitous chemical in the environment and has been associated with many intoxication episodes; however, little is known about its potentially toxic effects on development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal exposure to potassium cyanide (KCN) during pregnancy on both sows and their offspring. Twenty-four pregnant sows were allocated into four groups that orally received different doses of KCN (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 mg/kg of body weight) from day 21 of pregnancy to term. The KCN-treated sows showed histological lesions in the CNS, thyroid follicle enlargement, thyroid epithelial thickening, colloid reabsorption changes, and vacuolar degeneration of the renal tubular epithelium. Sows treated with 4.0 mg/kg KCN showed an increase in the number of dead piglets at birth. Weaned piglets from all KCN-treated groups showed histological lesions in the thyroid glands with features similar to those found in their mothers. The exposure of pregnant sows to cyanide thus caused toxic effects in both mothers and piglets. We suggest that swine can serve as a useful animal model to assess the neurological, goitrogenic, and reproductive effects of cyanide toxicosis.
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spelling doaj-art-f618a7d915524726834f7138000e346b2025-02-03T06:11:03ZengWileyJournal of Toxicology1687-81911687-82052015-01-01201510.1155/2015/407654407654Intoxication by Cyanide in Pregnant Sows: Prenatal and Postnatal EvaluationAndré T. Gotardo0Isis M. Hueza1Helena Manzano2Viviane M. Maruo3Paulo C. Maiorka4Silvana L. Górniak5Research Center of Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, 13635-900 Pirassununga, SP, BrazilInstitute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (ICAQF-UNIFESP), Campus Diadema, 09913-030 Diadema, SP, BrazilResearch Center of Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, 13635-900 Pirassununga, SP, BrazilCollege of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Tocantins, BR 153, Rural Zone Km 112, 77804-970 Araguaina, TO, BrazilResearch Center of Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, 13635-900 Pirassununga, SP, BrazilResearch Center of Veterinary Toxicology (CEPTOX), Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, 13635-900 Pirassununga, SP, BrazilCyanide is a ubiquitous chemical in the environment and has been associated with many intoxication episodes; however, little is known about its potentially toxic effects on development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal exposure to potassium cyanide (KCN) during pregnancy on both sows and their offspring. Twenty-four pregnant sows were allocated into four groups that orally received different doses of KCN (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 mg/kg of body weight) from day 21 of pregnancy to term. The KCN-treated sows showed histological lesions in the CNS, thyroid follicle enlargement, thyroid epithelial thickening, colloid reabsorption changes, and vacuolar degeneration of the renal tubular epithelium. Sows treated with 4.0 mg/kg KCN showed an increase in the number of dead piglets at birth. Weaned piglets from all KCN-treated groups showed histological lesions in the thyroid glands with features similar to those found in their mothers. The exposure of pregnant sows to cyanide thus caused toxic effects in both mothers and piglets. We suggest that swine can serve as a useful animal model to assess the neurological, goitrogenic, and reproductive effects of cyanide toxicosis.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/407654
spellingShingle André T. Gotardo
Isis M. Hueza
Helena Manzano
Viviane M. Maruo
Paulo C. Maiorka
Silvana L. Górniak
Intoxication by Cyanide in Pregnant Sows: Prenatal and Postnatal Evaluation
Journal of Toxicology
title Intoxication by Cyanide in Pregnant Sows: Prenatal and Postnatal Evaluation
title_full Intoxication by Cyanide in Pregnant Sows: Prenatal and Postnatal Evaluation
title_fullStr Intoxication by Cyanide in Pregnant Sows: Prenatal and Postnatal Evaluation
title_full_unstemmed Intoxication by Cyanide in Pregnant Sows: Prenatal and Postnatal Evaluation
title_short Intoxication by Cyanide in Pregnant Sows: Prenatal and Postnatal Evaluation
title_sort intoxication by cyanide in pregnant sows prenatal and postnatal evaluation
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/407654
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