Relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the Usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds (Turdus merula) in Metropolitan France, 2018
Usutu virus (USUV) was first isolated in Africa in 1959 and has since spread to and through Europe with a typical enzootic mosquito-bird cycle. In France, it was first detected in birds in 2015, but during summer 2018 the spread of USUV was particularly significant throughout the country, killing ma...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Bouchez-Zacria, Malika Calenge, Clément Villers, Alexandre Lecollinet, Sylvie Gonzalez, Gaelle Quintard, Benoit Leclerc, Antoine Baurier, Florence Paty, Marie-Claire Faure, Éva Eraud, Cyril Decors, Anouk |
| author_facet | Bouchez-Zacria, Malika Calenge, Clément Villers, Alexandre Lecollinet, Sylvie Gonzalez, Gaelle Quintard, Benoit Leclerc, Antoine Baurier, Florence Paty, Marie-Claire Faure, Éva Eraud, Cyril Decors, Anouk |
| author_sort | Bouchez-Zacria, Malika |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Usutu virus (USUV) was first isolated in Africa in 1959 and has since spread to and through Europe with a typical enzootic mosquito-bird cycle. In France, it was first detected in birds in 2015, but during summer 2018 the spread of USUV was particularly significant throughout the country, killing mainly common blackbirds (Turdus merula) and to a lesser extent great grey owls (Strix nebulosa), among other captive and non-captive wild bird species. Previous studies of USUV in France have focused on reconstructing pathways of introduction, but not on structural aspects of virus spread within the country. Data (RT-PCR of geolocated dead birds) on this 2018 outbreak were collected through both an event-based wildlife network named SAGIR and the health surveillance of the French-speaking Association of Zoo Veterinarians (AFVPZ). In addition, common blackbird populations could be monitored through another network (REZOP). Statistical analysis (spatial, temporal, spatiotemporal and environmental determinants) of the SAGIR and AFVPZ network data helped to highlight the early appearance of separate large clusters of USUV cases in mid-July 2018, the subsequent diffusion into smaller and secondary clusters at the end of August 2018, and a meanwhile enlargement of the first clusters with an increase in the number of cases. High human density (top 10.5% densest areas in France) and wetland concentration (top 19.3% most likely wetland areas) were significant factors in USUV case locations. Using generalised additive mixed models on REZOP data, we also highlighted the decline in common blackbird population trends in areas with medium and even more with high USUV pressure (areas defined based on SAGIR-AFVPZ data) following the 2018 outbreak (respectively −7.4% [−11.4; −3.9]95% and −15.7% [−16.2; −9.1]95%). A large area (radius ∼150 km) in the centre and centre-west of France, and smaller areas in the south-east, north and north-east of France (each with a radius ∼ 50 km) were particularly affected. We conclude on the importance to work with synergistic networks to assess infection spread in wild bird species, as well as the negative impact of an emerging arbovirus. The responsiveness of such a network system could be improved by automating alerts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f5bc47b293c348c5abcb37ffda4d70fd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2804-3871 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-f5bc47b293c348c5abcb37ffda4d70fd2025-02-07T10:34:51ZengPeer Community InPeer Community Journal2804-38712025-01-01510.24072/pcjournal.51310.24072/pcjournal.513Relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the Usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds (Turdus merula) in Metropolitan France, 2018 Bouchez-Zacria, Malika0Calenge, Clément1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-8016Villers, Alexandre2Lecollinet, Sylvie3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8535-2133Gonzalez, Gaelle4Quintard, Benoit5Leclerc, Antoine6Baurier, Florence7Paty, Marie-Claire8Faure, Éva9Eraud, Cyril10https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1517-9835Decors, Anouk11Independent researcher - Audincthun, FranceOffice Français de la Biodiversité – Direction Surveillance, Évaluation, Données – Unité Données et Appui Méthodologique - Saint Benoist, Le Perray en Yvelines, FranceOffice Français de la Biodiversité Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique (DRAS) Service Conservation et Gestion des Espèces à enjeux Villiers-en-Bois France - Villiers-en-Bois, FranceCIRAD-INRAE, UMR ASTRE - Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France; ANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR VIROLOGIE, Laboratoire de Santé Animale - Maisons-Alfort, FranceANSES, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR VIROLOGIE, Laboratoire de Santé Animale - Maisons-Alfort, FranceParc Zoologique et Botanique de Mulhouse - Mulhouse, FranceZooParc de Beauval - St Aignan, FranceLaboratoire Départemental du Cher - Bourges, FranceSanté Publique France - Saint-Maurice, FranceFédération Nationale des Chasseurs - Issy les Moulineaux, FranceOffice Français de la Biodiversité Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique (DRAS) Service Conservation et Gestion des Espèces à enjeux Villiers-en-Bois France - Villiers-en-Bois, FranceOffice Français de la Biodiversité, Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique - Orléans, FranceUsutu virus (USUV) was first isolated in Africa in 1959 and has since spread to and through Europe with a typical enzootic mosquito-bird cycle. In France, it was first detected in birds in 2015, but during summer 2018 the spread of USUV was particularly significant throughout the country, killing mainly common blackbirds (Turdus merula) and to a lesser extent great grey owls (Strix nebulosa), among other captive and non-captive wild bird species. Previous studies of USUV in France have focused on reconstructing pathways of introduction, but not on structural aspects of virus spread within the country. Data (RT-PCR of geolocated dead birds) on this 2018 outbreak were collected through both an event-based wildlife network named SAGIR and the health surveillance of the French-speaking Association of Zoo Veterinarians (AFVPZ). In addition, common blackbird populations could be monitored through another network (REZOP). Statistical analysis (spatial, temporal, spatiotemporal and environmental determinants) of the SAGIR and AFVPZ network data helped to highlight the early appearance of separate large clusters of USUV cases in mid-July 2018, the subsequent diffusion into smaller and secondary clusters at the end of August 2018, and a meanwhile enlargement of the first clusters with an increase in the number of cases. High human density (top 10.5% densest areas in France) and wetland concentration (top 19.3% most likely wetland areas) were significant factors in USUV case locations. Using generalised additive mixed models on REZOP data, we also highlighted the decline in common blackbird population trends in areas with medium and even more with high USUV pressure (areas defined based on SAGIR-AFVPZ data) following the 2018 outbreak (respectively −7.4% [−11.4; −3.9]95% and −15.7% [−16.2; −9.1]95%). A large area (radius ∼150 km) in the centre and centre-west of France, and smaller areas in the south-east, north and north-east of France (each with a radius ∼ 50 km) were particularly affected. We conclude on the importance to work with synergistic networks to assess infection spread in wild bird species, as well as the negative impact of an emerging arbovirus. The responsiveness of such a network system could be improved by automating alerts.https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.513/Usutu, blackbirds, grey owls, clusters, participatory science, surveillance, observer networks |
| spellingShingle | Bouchez-Zacria, Malika Calenge, Clément Villers, Alexandre Lecollinet, Sylvie Gonzalez, Gaelle Quintard, Benoit Leclerc, Antoine Baurier, Florence Paty, Marie-Claire Faure, Éva Eraud, Cyril Decors, Anouk Relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the Usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds (Turdus merula) in Metropolitan France, 2018 Peer Community Journal Usutu, blackbirds, grey owls, clusters, participatory science, surveillance, observer networks |
| title | Relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the Usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds (Turdus merula) in Metropolitan France, 2018
|
| title_full | Relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the Usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds (Turdus merula) in Metropolitan France, 2018
|
| title_fullStr | Relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the Usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds (Turdus merula) in Metropolitan France, 2018
|
| title_full_unstemmed | Relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the Usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds (Turdus merula) in Metropolitan France, 2018
|
| title_short | Relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the Usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds (Turdus merula) in Metropolitan France, 2018
|
| title_sort | relevance of the synergy of surveillance and populational networks in understanding the usutu virus outbreak within common blackbirds turdus merula in metropolitan france 2018 |
| topic | Usutu, blackbirds, grey owls, clusters, participatory science, surveillance, observer networks |
| url | https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.513/ |
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