Screening of Solvent Systems for Countercurrent Chromatography Separation of Polar Constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. Seeds
The separation of large polar constituents presents a substantial challenge in natural product research when employing column chromatography techniques, as the process is both complex and time-consuming. In this study, an acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran/di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid/aqueous saturat...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Ruxi Hu Zhuo Liu Yi Zhou Peng Tian Luqi Li Zhi Yang Yatuan Ma |
| author_facet | Ruxi Hu Zhuo Liu Yi Zhou Peng Tian Luqi Li Zhi Yang Yatuan Ma |
| author_sort | Ruxi Hu |
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| description | The separation of large polar constituents presents a substantial challenge in natural product research when employing column chromatography techniques, as the process is both complex and time-consuming. In this study, an acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran/di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid/aqueous saturated sodium chloride solvent system was developed and utilized for the countercurrent chromatography of polar constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. seeds. Five polar constituents were effectively isolated using an acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran/di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid/aqueous saturated sodium chloride (2:2:0.8:3, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) solvent system using a two-step countercurrent chromatography method. In the initial countercurrent chromatography process, three constituents were successfully purified from the methanol extract: compound <b>1</b>, compound <b>4</b>, and compound <b>5</b>. Compounds <b>2</b> and <b>3</b>, co-eluted from the column, were further subjected to three inner-recycling chromatographic procedures. At last, five constituents were purified and identified, including 4′-O-methylpyridoxine (<b>1</b>); two indole alkaloid N-glucosides, ginkgoside B (<b>2</b>) and ginkgoside A (<b>3</b>); 2-(4-hydroxybenzyl) malic acid (<b>4</b>); and coniferyl alcohol (<b>5</b>). The results demonstrated that the acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran/di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid/aqueous saturated sodium chloride solvent system serves as a feasible system for the efficient countercurrent chromatography separation of polar components. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-f564e53638c1404992903f904e5ea6022025-01-24T13:43:56ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-01-0130240910.3390/molecules30020409Screening of Solvent Systems for Countercurrent Chromatography Separation of Polar Constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. SeedsRuxi Hu0Zhuo Liu1Yi Zhou2Peng Tian3Luqi Li4Zhi Yang5Yatuan Ma6College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xiong Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xiong Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xiong Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xiong Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaLife Science Research Core Services, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xiong Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xiong Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xiong Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaThe separation of large polar constituents presents a substantial challenge in natural product research when employing column chromatography techniques, as the process is both complex and time-consuming. In this study, an acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran/di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid/aqueous saturated sodium chloride solvent system was developed and utilized for the countercurrent chromatography of polar constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. seeds. Five polar constituents were effectively isolated using an acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran/di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid/aqueous saturated sodium chloride (2:2:0.8:3, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) solvent system using a two-step countercurrent chromatography method. In the initial countercurrent chromatography process, three constituents were successfully purified from the methanol extract: compound <b>1</b>, compound <b>4</b>, and compound <b>5</b>. Compounds <b>2</b> and <b>3</b>, co-eluted from the column, were further subjected to three inner-recycling chromatographic procedures. At last, five constituents were purified and identified, including 4′-O-methylpyridoxine (<b>1</b>); two indole alkaloid N-glucosides, ginkgoside B (<b>2</b>) and ginkgoside A (<b>3</b>); 2-(4-hydroxybenzyl) malic acid (<b>4</b>); and coniferyl alcohol (<b>5</b>). The results demonstrated that the acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran/di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid/aqueous saturated sodium chloride solvent system serves as a feasible system for the efficient countercurrent chromatography separation of polar components.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/409countercurrent chromatography<i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L.di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acidaqueous two-phase systemsinner-recycling chromatography |
| spellingShingle | Ruxi Hu Zhuo Liu Yi Zhou Peng Tian Luqi Li Zhi Yang Yatuan Ma Screening of Solvent Systems for Countercurrent Chromatography Separation of Polar Constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. Seeds Molecules countercurrent chromatography <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid aqueous two-phase systems inner-recycling chromatography |
| title | Screening of Solvent Systems for Countercurrent Chromatography Separation of Polar Constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. Seeds |
| title_full | Screening of Solvent Systems for Countercurrent Chromatography Separation of Polar Constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. Seeds |
| title_fullStr | Screening of Solvent Systems for Countercurrent Chromatography Separation of Polar Constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. Seeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Screening of Solvent Systems for Countercurrent Chromatography Separation of Polar Constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. Seeds |
| title_short | Screening of Solvent Systems for Countercurrent Chromatography Separation of Polar Constituents from <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. Seeds |
| title_sort | screening of solvent systems for countercurrent chromatography separation of polar constituents from i ginkgo biloba i l seeds |
| topic | countercurrent chromatography <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> L. di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid aqueous two-phase systems inner-recycling chromatography |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/2/409 |
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