An enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesia
Sevoflurane is an inhalation anaesthetic agent widely used in clinical settings. Despite good surgical outcomes using sevoflurane, patients frequently develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). An enriched environment (EE), as a rehabilitation technique, could provide objects and tools to f...
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| Language: | English |
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Termedia Publishing House
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Folia Neuropathologica |
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| Online Access: | https://www.termedia.pl/An-enriched-environment-promotes-cognitive-recovery-r-nand-cerebral-blood-flow-in-aged-mice-under-sevoflurane-anaesthesia,20,52539,1,1.html |
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| author | Wenfeng Gao Wenji Xie Wenqin Xie Changcheng Jiang Zhenming Kang Naizhen Liu |
| author_facet | Wenfeng Gao Wenji Xie Wenqin Xie Changcheng Jiang Zhenming Kang Naizhen Liu |
| author_sort | Wenfeng Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sevoflurane is an inhalation anaesthetic agent widely used in clinical settings. Despite good surgical outcomes using sevoflurane, patients frequently develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). An enriched environment (EE), as a rehabilitation technique, could provide objects and tools to facilitate neuromotor and visual stimuli and brain activity, and is reported to improve cognitive functions. We aim to investigate the impairments of sevoflurane inhalation on cognitive function in mice and determine the benefits of EE in ameliorating POCD. Eighteen-month-old mice were exposed to sevoflurane inhalation for 2 h and then placed in standard environment (SE) or EE cages. The mice without sevoflurane exposure in standard or EE cages were used as controls. The behavioural tests include Morris water maze, Y maze and novel object recognition. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine the blood circulation in the brains. The proangiogenic factors (CD31, angiopoietin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and N-cadherin) and neurotrophic (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, post-synaptic density protein 95) expression in hippocampus of aged mice were evaluated by Western blotting and RT-PCR analysis. Sevoflurane-exposed mice demonstrated reduced performance in learning, memory and spatial memory tests. Enriched environment improved the behavioural performance of sevoflurane-exposed animals. Sevoflurane exposure reduced the blood flow in the brains, and these effects were ameliorated by EE habitation. The EE also promoted the expression of angiogenic and neurotropic factors in sevoflurane-exposed animals. In summary, EE is effective in ameliorating the side-effects of sevoflurane exposure in aged mice. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f470f9613a784fc68f4d374ef880b245 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1641-4640 1509-572X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Termedia Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Folia Neuropathologica |
| spelling | doaj-art-f470f9613a784fc68f4d374ef880b2452025-01-27T11:22:59ZengTermedia Publishing HouseFolia Neuropathologica1641-46401509-572X2024-03-0162331232010.5114/fn.2024.13601752539An enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesiaWenfeng GaoWenji XieWenqin XieChangcheng JiangZhenming KangNaizhen LiuSevoflurane is an inhalation anaesthetic agent widely used in clinical settings. Despite good surgical outcomes using sevoflurane, patients frequently develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). An enriched environment (EE), as a rehabilitation technique, could provide objects and tools to facilitate neuromotor and visual stimuli and brain activity, and is reported to improve cognitive functions. We aim to investigate the impairments of sevoflurane inhalation on cognitive function in mice and determine the benefits of EE in ameliorating POCD. Eighteen-month-old mice were exposed to sevoflurane inhalation for 2 h and then placed in standard environment (SE) or EE cages. The mice without sevoflurane exposure in standard or EE cages were used as controls. The behavioural tests include Morris water maze, Y maze and novel object recognition. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine the blood circulation in the brains. The proangiogenic factors (CD31, angiopoietin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and N-cadherin) and neurotrophic (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, post-synaptic density protein 95) expression in hippocampus of aged mice were evaluated by Western blotting and RT-PCR analysis. Sevoflurane-exposed mice demonstrated reduced performance in learning, memory and spatial memory tests. Enriched environment improved the behavioural performance of sevoflurane-exposed animals. Sevoflurane exposure reduced the blood flow in the brains, and these effects were ameliorated by EE habitation. The EE also promoted the expression of angiogenic and neurotropic factors in sevoflurane-exposed animals. In summary, EE is effective in ameliorating the side-effects of sevoflurane exposure in aged mice.https://www.termedia.pl/An-enriched-environment-promotes-cognitive-recovery-r-nand-cerebral-blood-flow-in-aged-mice-under-sevoflurane-anaesthesia,20,52539,1,1.htmlsevoflurane memory enriched environment neuroinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Wenfeng Gao Wenji Xie Wenqin Xie Changcheng Jiang Zhenming Kang Naizhen Liu An enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesia Folia Neuropathologica sevoflurane memory enriched environment neuroinflammation |
| title | An enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery
and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesia |
| title_full | An enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery
and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesia |
| title_fullStr | An enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery
and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | An enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery
and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesia |
| title_short | An enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery
and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesia |
| title_sort | enriched environment promotes cognitive recovery and cerebral blood flow in aged mice under sevoflurane anaesthesia |
| topic | sevoflurane memory enriched environment neuroinflammation |
| url | https://www.termedia.pl/An-enriched-environment-promotes-cognitive-recovery-r-nand-cerebral-blood-flow-in-aged-mice-under-sevoflurane-anaesthesia,20,52539,1,1.html |
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