Thirty-six-year trends (1986–2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study
Objectives To examine the 36-year trends in tobacco use in northern Sweden.Design and outcome measure Cross-sectional analysis of the eight population-based surveys that constitute the northern Sweden MONICA study (1986, 1990, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2022). Cigarette smoking and snus use we...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/12/e088162.full |
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| author | Stefan Söderberg Maria Wennberg Viktor Oskarsson Jonas Andersson Erica Sjödin Maria Nordendahl Lena Heldorsson Fjellström Carolina Lundholm |
| author_facet | Stefan Söderberg Maria Wennberg Viktor Oskarsson Jonas Andersson Erica Sjödin Maria Nordendahl Lena Heldorsson Fjellström Carolina Lundholm |
| author_sort | Stefan Söderberg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives To examine the 36-year trends in tobacco use in northern Sweden.Design and outcome measure Cross-sectional analysis of the eight population-based surveys that constitute the northern Sweden MONICA study (1986, 1990, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2022). Cigarette smoking and snus use were self-reported via questionnaires, and age-adjusted percentages of cigarette smoking (including occasional use) and snus use were calculated via logit models.Setting General population of Norrbotten and Västerbotten (the two northernmost counties of Sweden).Participants 6678 women and 6320 men, aged 25 to 74 years, were included for analysis. A total of 191 participants were excluded due to missing data on either cigarette smoking or snus use.Results Cigarette smoking decreased on a survey-to-survey basis, reaching a minimum in 2022 of 4.9% among men and 9.7% among women, corresponding to a percentage point change of 26.3 and 20.8, respectively, compared with 1986 (pwithin-group<0.01). With respect to snus, the use increased steeply up until 1999 among men, after which it persisted around 25% to 30% (26.2% in 2022), with percentage point changes between 6.6 and 13.4 compared with 1986 (pwithin-group<0.01). The percentage of female snus users was extremely low in the first surveys but increased continuously over time, reaching a maximum of 13.0% in 2022 and a percentage point change of 12.5 since 1986 (pwithin-group<0.01). Cigarette smoking—but not snus use—was more common in Norrbotten than in Västerbotten in 2022 (pbetween-group<0.01).Conclusions A substantial decline in cigarette smoking has occurred over time in northern Sweden, particularly among men and more notably in Västerbotten. In contrast, snus use has become increasingly common in both sexes and in both counties. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f4543041b5ed42e8a5857e0469c4e256 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
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| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-f4543041b5ed42e8a5857e0469c4e2562025-01-14T09:10:13ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552024-12-01141210.1136/bmjopen-2024-088162Thirty-six-year trends (1986–2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional studyStefan Söderberg0Maria Wennberg1Viktor Oskarsson2Jonas Andersson3Erica Sjödin4Maria Nordendahl5Lena Heldorsson Fjellström6Carolina Lundholm75 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden4 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sustainable Health Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden1 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Piteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden3 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden1 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Piteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden3 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden5 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden5 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, SwedenObjectives To examine the 36-year trends in tobacco use in northern Sweden.Design and outcome measure Cross-sectional analysis of the eight population-based surveys that constitute the northern Sweden MONICA study (1986, 1990, 1994, 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014 and 2022). Cigarette smoking and snus use were self-reported via questionnaires, and age-adjusted percentages of cigarette smoking (including occasional use) and snus use were calculated via logit models.Setting General population of Norrbotten and Västerbotten (the two northernmost counties of Sweden).Participants 6678 women and 6320 men, aged 25 to 74 years, were included for analysis. A total of 191 participants were excluded due to missing data on either cigarette smoking or snus use.Results Cigarette smoking decreased on a survey-to-survey basis, reaching a minimum in 2022 of 4.9% among men and 9.7% among women, corresponding to a percentage point change of 26.3 and 20.8, respectively, compared with 1986 (pwithin-group<0.01). With respect to snus, the use increased steeply up until 1999 among men, after which it persisted around 25% to 30% (26.2% in 2022), with percentage point changes between 6.6 and 13.4 compared with 1986 (pwithin-group<0.01). The percentage of female snus users was extremely low in the first surveys but increased continuously over time, reaching a maximum of 13.0% in 2022 and a percentage point change of 12.5 since 1986 (pwithin-group<0.01). Cigarette smoking—but not snus use—was more common in Norrbotten than in Västerbotten in 2022 (pbetween-group<0.01).Conclusions A substantial decline in cigarette smoking has occurred over time in northern Sweden, particularly among men and more notably in Västerbotten. In contrast, snus use has become increasingly common in both sexes and in both counties.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/12/e088162.full |
| spellingShingle | Stefan Söderberg Maria Wennberg Viktor Oskarsson Jonas Andersson Erica Sjödin Maria Nordendahl Lena Heldorsson Fjellström Carolina Lundholm Thirty-six-year trends (1986–2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study BMJ Open |
| title | Thirty-six-year trends (1986–2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Thirty-six-year trends (1986–2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Thirty-six-year trends (1986–2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thirty-six-year trends (1986–2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Thirty-six-year trends (1986–2022) in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | thirty six year trends 1986 2022 in cigarette smoking and snus use in northern sweden a cross sectional study |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/12/e088162.full |
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