Update on the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common inflammatory disorder whose complex immunopathogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated. Endotype-2 CRSwNP is the most common form of disease where eosinophils are the main drivers of inflammation. Traditional treatments for CRSwNP have cen...

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Main Authors: Luca Giovanni Locatello, Silvia Tonon, Vincenzo Mele, Simone Santini, Cesare Miani, Carlo Ennio Michele Pucillo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Biomedicines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/11/2647
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author Luca Giovanni Locatello
Silvia Tonon
Vincenzo Mele
Simone Santini
Cesare Miani
Carlo Ennio Michele Pucillo
author_facet Luca Giovanni Locatello
Silvia Tonon
Vincenzo Mele
Simone Santini
Cesare Miani
Carlo Ennio Michele Pucillo
author_sort Luca Giovanni Locatello
collection DOAJ
description Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common inflammatory disorder whose complex immunopathogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated. Endotype-2 CRSwNP is the most common form of disease where eosinophils are the main drivers of inflammation. Traditional treatments for CRSwNP have centered around intranasal or systemic corticosteroids and endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). However, recent advancements in targeted therapies have introduced novel biological agents that specifically target key inflammatory mediators such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. These biologics offer promising options for patients with CRSwNP, particularly those who do not respond adequately to conventional treatments. Nonetheless, some patients do not satisfactorily respond to these drugs because of an insufficient blockade of the inflammatory process. The mast cell (MC) is another important (and somehow neglected) actor in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP, and the latest clinical and translational evidence in this field has been reviewed in the present paper.
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spelling doaj-art-f44a5eee0c8a4a60b1746d9a2febc2012025-08-20T02:08:12ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-11-011211264710.3390/biomedicines12112647Update on the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal PolypsLuca Giovanni Locatello0Silvia Tonon1Vincenzo Mele2Simone Santini3Cesare Miani4Carlo Ennio Michele Pucillo5Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, ItalyDepartment of Medicine (DMED), Immunology Section, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, ItalyDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, ItalyDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, ItalyDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, ItalyDepartment of Medicine (DMED), Immunology Section, University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe 4, 33100 Udine, ItalyChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a common inflammatory disorder whose complex immunopathogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated. Endotype-2 CRSwNP is the most common form of disease where eosinophils are the main drivers of inflammation. Traditional treatments for CRSwNP have centered around intranasal or systemic corticosteroids and endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). However, recent advancements in targeted therapies have introduced novel biological agents that specifically target key inflammatory mediators such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. These biologics offer promising options for patients with CRSwNP, particularly those who do not respond adequately to conventional treatments. Nonetheless, some patients do not satisfactorily respond to these drugs because of an insufficient blockade of the inflammatory process. The mast cell (MC) is another important (and somehow neglected) actor in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP, and the latest clinical and translational evidence in this field has been reviewed in the present paper.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/11/2647nasal polypsmast cellsbiologicsrhinosinusitiseosinophils
spellingShingle Luca Giovanni Locatello
Silvia Tonon
Vincenzo Mele
Simone Santini
Cesare Miani
Carlo Ennio Michele Pucillo
Update on the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
Biomedicines
nasal polyps
mast cells
biologics
rhinosinusitis
eosinophils
title Update on the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
title_full Update on the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
title_fullStr Update on the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
title_full_unstemmed Update on the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
title_short Update on the Biological and Clinical Relevance of Mast Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
title_sort update on the biological and clinical relevance of mast cells in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
topic nasal polyps
mast cells
biologics
rhinosinusitis
eosinophils
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/11/2647
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