Finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography
Background: The chromatographic measurement of polar molecules is often surprisingly complicated. On the one hand, the standard experiments use C18 columns, which is usually unsuitable. On the other hand, these types of molecules can behave vastly differently despite their similarities. Thus, findin...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-02-01
|
| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025008412 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1823859439903440896 |
|---|---|
| author | József Simon Márton Kovács Pál T. Szabó |
| author_facet | József Simon Márton Kovács Pál T. Szabó |
| author_sort | József Simon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The chromatographic measurement of polar molecules is often surprisingly complicated. On the one hand, the standard experiments use C18 columns, which is usually unsuitable. On the other hand, these types of molecules can behave vastly differently despite their similarities. Thus, finding the right chromatographic conditions is challenging. HILIC can be an obvious choice, but C18 is still used with suitable analytes. Comparing the two methods would be advantageous, but a numerical comparison can be problematic. Thus, a simple comparing and ranking system is needed and put to use to find the best method for the separation of polar basic molecules. Results: In this paper, nine columns with different stationary phases, from reversed-phase to hydrophilic interaction, are compared and ranked in gradient elution. The effect of pH was also considered. The measurements were repeated in acidic, near-to-neutral, and basic conditions. A straightforward system is developed to rank different stationary phases. Its foundation was peak shapes and resolutions. Every measurement condition with all the columns on the available pHs is evaluated by each property. The testing solution consisted of ten components, which aimed to cover a wide range of polar basic molecules. The comparison also focuses on these analytes. We highlighted which analyte is adaptable to different methods or which needed exclusive conditions. The resulting best column with the optimal conditions is presented and proven highly efficient for their separation. Significance: A straightforward comparison and ranking system is developed to test multiple chromatographic columns with different stationary phases, from reversed-phase to hydrophilic interaction in gradient elution, seeking the best method for separating polar basic molecules. Nine columns were compared in multiple conditions. The best setup resulting in the competition is presented in detail, which can be applied to a wide range of analytes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f3e3a72febbf42009a524e268c8d49c6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-f3e3a72febbf42009a524e268c8d49c62025-02-11T04:35:15ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-02-01114e42461Finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographyJózsef Simon0Márton Kovács1Pál T. Szabó2MS Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Centre for Structural Science, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Research Group of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pannonia, Egyetem utca 10, H-8200 Veszprém, HungaryBudapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, HungaryMS Metabolomics Research Laboratory, Centre for Structural Science, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Corresponding author.Background: The chromatographic measurement of polar molecules is often surprisingly complicated. On the one hand, the standard experiments use C18 columns, which is usually unsuitable. On the other hand, these types of molecules can behave vastly differently despite their similarities. Thus, finding the right chromatographic conditions is challenging. HILIC can be an obvious choice, but C18 is still used with suitable analytes. Comparing the two methods would be advantageous, but a numerical comparison can be problematic. Thus, a simple comparing and ranking system is needed and put to use to find the best method for the separation of polar basic molecules. Results: In this paper, nine columns with different stationary phases, from reversed-phase to hydrophilic interaction, are compared and ranked in gradient elution. The effect of pH was also considered. The measurements were repeated in acidic, near-to-neutral, and basic conditions. A straightforward system is developed to rank different stationary phases. Its foundation was peak shapes and resolutions. Every measurement condition with all the columns on the available pHs is evaluated by each property. The testing solution consisted of ten components, which aimed to cover a wide range of polar basic molecules. The comparison also focuses on these analytes. We highlighted which analyte is adaptable to different methods or which needed exclusive conditions. The resulting best column with the optimal conditions is presented and proven highly efficient for their separation. Significance: A straightforward comparison and ranking system is developed to test multiple chromatographic columns with different stationary phases, from reversed-phase to hydrophilic interaction in gradient elution, seeking the best method for separating polar basic molecules. Nine columns were compared in multiple conditions. The best setup resulting in the competition is presented in detail, which can be applied to a wide range of analytes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025008412Column comparisonReversed-phase liquid chromatographyHydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographyMass spectrometryPolar basic analytes |
| spellingShingle | József Simon Márton Kovács Pál T. Szabó Finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography Heliyon Column comparison Reversed-phase liquid chromatography Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Polar basic analytes |
| title | Finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography |
| title_full | Finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography |
| title_fullStr | Finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography |
| title_full_unstemmed | Finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography |
| title_short | Finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography |
| title_sort | finding the best column for polar basic analytes across reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography |
| topic | Column comparison Reversed-phase liquid chromatography Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography Mass spectrometry Polar basic analytes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025008412 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jozsefsimon findingthebestcolumnforpolarbasicanalytesacrossreversedphaseandhydrophilicinteractionliquidchromatography AT martonkovacs findingthebestcolumnforpolarbasicanalytesacrossreversedphaseandhydrophilicinteractionliquidchromatography AT paltszabo findingthebestcolumnforpolarbasicanalytesacrossreversedphaseandhydrophilicinteractionliquidchromatography |