Modeling and Operation Optimization of a Hydrogen‐Compressed Natural Gas‐Integrated Energy System With Variable Hydrogen Content and Flexible Thermal Load
ABSTRACT In integrated energy systems (IESs) with high share of renewable energy, converting excess electrical energy into hydrogen (H2) and mixing it with natural gas (NG) offers numerous advantages and has become a key research focus. However, IES operations are influenced by various factors, such...
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Wiley
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Energy Science & Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70005 |
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| author | Jing Chen Bo Sun |
| author_facet | Jing Chen Bo Sun |
| author_sort | Jing Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT In integrated energy systems (IESs) with high share of renewable energy, converting excess electrical energy into hydrogen (H2) and mixing it with natural gas (NG) offers numerous advantages and has become a key research focus. However, IES operations are influenced by various factors, such as equipment performance, energy flow dynamics, and load management, which are often overlooked in traditional optimization approaches. This study develops a novel hydrogen‐compressed natural gas (HCNG)‐IES model and operational strategy to address these challenges. An equivalence framework is established between electricity and hybrid gas, enabling the creation of an equivalent circuit model integrating electricity, heat, HCNG, H2, and NG. This model captures the intricate interactions and dependencies amongst energy equipment, multi‐energy flow, and consumption loads. An optimized operational strategy is proposed, leveraging variable H2 content in the gas mixture and adaptable thermal loads, while accounting for the energy inertia of H2 storage and building systems to maintain supply–demand balance. Case studies reveal that incorporating HCNG technology increases renewable resources utilization, reducing operational costs, carbon emissions, and primary energy consumption by 23%, 24%, and 23%, respectively. Moreover, compared to conventional NG‐IES optimization focused solely on equipment output, the proposed HCNG‐IES approach achieves reductions of 28.12% in costs, 24.36% in carbon emissions, and 39.13% in primary energy consumption. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f3b17342ae18436eaaf59298c07bfbe8 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2050-0505 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Science & Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-f3b17342ae18436eaaf59298c07bfbe82025-08-20T02:27:18ZengWileyEnergy Science & Engineering2050-05052025-04-011341858187010.1002/ese3.70005Modeling and Operation Optimization of a Hydrogen‐Compressed Natural Gas‐Integrated Energy System With Variable Hydrogen Content and Flexible Thermal LoadJing Chen0Bo Sun1School of Intelligent Engineering Shandong Management University Jinan ChinaSchool of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan ChinaABSTRACT In integrated energy systems (IESs) with high share of renewable energy, converting excess electrical energy into hydrogen (H2) and mixing it with natural gas (NG) offers numerous advantages and has become a key research focus. However, IES operations are influenced by various factors, such as equipment performance, energy flow dynamics, and load management, which are often overlooked in traditional optimization approaches. This study develops a novel hydrogen‐compressed natural gas (HCNG)‐IES model and operational strategy to address these challenges. An equivalence framework is established between electricity and hybrid gas, enabling the creation of an equivalent circuit model integrating electricity, heat, HCNG, H2, and NG. This model captures the intricate interactions and dependencies amongst energy equipment, multi‐energy flow, and consumption loads. An optimized operational strategy is proposed, leveraging variable H2 content in the gas mixture and adaptable thermal loads, while accounting for the energy inertia of H2 storage and building systems to maintain supply–demand balance. Case studies reveal that incorporating HCNG technology increases renewable resources utilization, reducing operational costs, carbon emissions, and primary energy consumption by 23%, 24%, and 23%, respectively. Moreover, compared to conventional NG‐IES optimization focused solely on equipment output, the proposed HCNG‐IES approach achieves reductions of 28.12% in costs, 24.36% in carbon emissions, and 39.13% in primary energy consumption.https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70005hydrogen‐blended natural gasintegrated energy systemoptimal operationsystem modeling |
| spellingShingle | Jing Chen Bo Sun Modeling and Operation Optimization of a Hydrogen‐Compressed Natural Gas‐Integrated Energy System With Variable Hydrogen Content and Flexible Thermal Load Energy Science & Engineering hydrogen‐blended natural gas integrated energy system optimal operation system modeling |
| title | Modeling and Operation Optimization of a Hydrogen‐Compressed Natural Gas‐Integrated Energy System With Variable Hydrogen Content and Flexible Thermal Load |
| title_full | Modeling and Operation Optimization of a Hydrogen‐Compressed Natural Gas‐Integrated Energy System With Variable Hydrogen Content and Flexible Thermal Load |
| title_fullStr | Modeling and Operation Optimization of a Hydrogen‐Compressed Natural Gas‐Integrated Energy System With Variable Hydrogen Content and Flexible Thermal Load |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling and Operation Optimization of a Hydrogen‐Compressed Natural Gas‐Integrated Energy System With Variable Hydrogen Content and Flexible Thermal Load |
| title_short | Modeling and Operation Optimization of a Hydrogen‐Compressed Natural Gas‐Integrated Energy System With Variable Hydrogen Content and Flexible Thermal Load |
| title_sort | modeling and operation optimization of a hydrogen compressed natural gas integrated energy system with variable hydrogen content and flexible thermal load |
| topic | hydrogen‐blended natural gas integrated energy system optimal operation system modeling |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.70005 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jingchen modelingandoperationoptimizationofahydrogencompressednaturalgasintegratedenergysystemwithvariablehydrogencontentandflexiblethermalload AT bosun modelingandoperationoptimizationofahydrogencompressednaturalgasintegratedenergysystemwithvariablehydrogencontentandflexiblethermalload |