Screening of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana Seeds for Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors

Activity of α-glucosidase enzyme in the gastrointestinal tract has been implicated in postprandial hyperglycaemia. If not properly controlled, postprandial hyperglycaemia might progress to diabetes mellitus, a metabolic syndrome. Diabetes is associated with many complications such as retinopathy, he...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Tajudeen Afolayan Lawal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-01-01
Series:Biochemistry Research International
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3492203
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1832565342018207744
author Tajudeen Afolayan Lawal
author_facet Tajudeen Afolayan Lawal
author_sort Tajudeen Afolayan Lawal
collection DOAJ
description Activity of α-glucosidase enzyme in the gastrointestinal tract has been implicated in postprandial hyperglycaemia. If not properly controlled, postprandial hyperglycaemia might progress to diabetes mellitus, a metabolic syndrome. Diabetes is associated with many complications such as retinopathy, heart attack, nephropathy, neuropathy, stroke, and lower limb amputation. Antidiabetic medications presently in use have little effect on postprandial glycaemic excursion and hence do not bring down the blood glucose level to baseline. This study extracted, fractionated, and screened the aqueous extract of Persea americana seeds for hypoglycaemic potential. Inhibitory effects of the fractions and subfractions of the extract on α-glucosidase activity were investigated. The most active subfraction was subjected to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis to elucidate the active components. The active subfraction showed a significant inhibition (p<0.05) on α-glucosidase. The subfraction competitively inhibits α-glucosidase (with IC50 = 09.48 ± 0.58 μg/mL), though less potent than the standard drug, acarbose (IC50 = 06.45 ± 0.47 μg/mL). FTIR analysis of the subfraction showed the presence of carbonyl group, hydroxy group, carboxyl group, double bonds, methylene, and methyl groups. GC-MS analysis suggests the presence of cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid, catechin, and chlorogenic acid as the active components. In conclusion, the components obtained from this study can be synthesised in the laboratory to further confirm their hypoglycaemic activity. The most active subfraction can be explored further to confirm its inhibitory activity against the enzyme and to determine its extent in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in vivo.
format Article
id doaj-art-f382795c692b48cf8e4d7fc707a45335
institution Kabale University
issn 2090-2255
language English
publishDate 2022-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Biochemistry Research International
spelling doaj-art-f382795c692b48cf8e4d7fc707a453352025-02-03T01:08:45ZengWileyBiochemistry Research International2090-22552022-01-01202210.1155/2022/3492203Screening of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana Seeds for Alpha-Glucosidase InhibitorsTajudeen Afolayan Lawal0Department of Biochemistry and Forensic ScienceActivity of α-glucosidase enzyme in the gastrointestinal tract has been implicated in postprandial hyperglycaemia. If not properly controlled, postprandial hyperglycaemia might progress to diabetes mellitus, a metabolic syndrome. Diabetes is associated with many complications such as retinopathy, heart attack, nephropathy, neuropathy, stroke, and lower limb amputation. Antidiabetic medications presently in use have little effect on postprandial glycaemic excursion and hence do not bring down the blood glucose level to baseline. This study extracted, fractionated, and screened the aqueous extract of Persea americana seeds for hypoglycaemic potential. Inhibitory effects of the fractions and subfractions of the extract on α-glucosidase activity were investigated. The most active subfraction was subjected to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis to elucidate the active components. The active subfraction showed a significant inhibition (p<0.05) on α-glucosidase. The subfraction competitively inhibits α-glucosidase (with IC50 = 09.48 ± 0.58 μg/mL), though less potent than the standard drug, acarbose (IC50 = 06.45 ± 0.47 μg/mL). FTIR analysis of the subfraction showed the presence of carbonyl group, hydroxy group, carboxyl group, double bonds, methylene, and methyl groups. GC-MS analysis suggests the presence of cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid, catechin, and chlorogenic acid as the active components. In conclusion, the components obtained from this study can be synthesised in the laboratory to further confirm their hypoglycaemic activity. The most active subfraction can be explored further to confirm its inhibitory activity against the enzyme and to determine its extent in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in vivo.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3492203
spellingShingle Tajudeen Afolayan Lawal
Screening of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana Seeds for Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Biochemistry Research International
title Screening of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana Seeds for Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
title_full Screening of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana Seeds for Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
title_fullStr Screening of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana Seeds for Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
title_full_unstemmed Screening of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana Seeds for Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
title_short Screening of Aqueous Extract of Persea americana Seeds for Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
title_sort screening of aqueous extract of persea americana seeds for alpha glucosidase inhibitors
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3492203
work_keys_str_mv AT tajudeenafolayanlawal screeningofaqueousextractofperseaamericanaseedsforalphaglucosidaseinhibitors