Interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort study
BackgroundEvidence-based treatment for unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) has not been established. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy (IIT) in unresectable cHCC-CCA patients.Methods...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1591127/full |
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| author | Yan-Song Lin Yan-Song Lin Li-Yan Wu Li-Yan Wu Li-Hui Lin Xia Yang Xia Yang Fang-Yi Liu Fang-Yi Liu Yan-Qin Wu Zhen Ding Yu-Jing Liang Yu-Jing Liang Jing-Ping Yun Jing-Ping Yun |
| author_facet | Yan-Song Lin Yan-Song Lin Li-Yan Wu Li-Yan Wu Li-Hui Lin Xia Yang Xia Yang Fang-Yi Liu Fang-Yi Liu Yan-Qin Wu Zhen Ding Yu-Jing Liang Yu-Jing Liang Jing-Ping Yun Jing-Ping Yun |
| author_sort | Yan-Song Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundEvidence-based treatment for unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) has not been established. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy (IIT) in unresectable cHCC-CCA patients.MethodsPatients with a histological diagnosis of unresectable cHCC-CCA who received IIT therapy from January 2019 to March 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. The study evaluated overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), tumor responses and safety.ResultsA total of 242 cHCC-CCA patients were screened and 51 patients were enrolled for analysis. The median follow-up duration was 15.8 months (95% CI: 12.0-19.7 months). The median OS was 17.8 months (95% CI: 12.4-23.2 months) and the median PFS was 8.9 months (95% CI: 5.8-12.0 months). For overall response, the objective response rate was 41.2% and 56.9% based on RECIST 1.1 and mRECIST, respectively. Patients with primary cHCC-CCA showed significantly prolonged OS (median OS: 21.4 months vs. 11.4 months, p = 0.011) and PFS (median PFS: 9.5 months vs. 4.1 months, p = 0.036) compared to those with recurrent cHCC-CCA. Patients with dominant HCC did not show significant differences for OS (p = 0.835) and PFS (p = 0.553) compared to those with dominant iCCA. Six patients (11.8%) experienced grade ≥3 adverse events, including leukopenia (n=1, 2.0%), neutropenia (n=1, 2.0%), thrombocytopenia (n=2, 3.9%), elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) (n=2, 3.9%), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (n=2, 3.9%), hypoalbuminemia (n=2, 3.9%), and hyperbilirubinemia (n=1, 2.0%). Immunotherapy was discontinued for two patients due to grade ≥3 elevations in ALT and AST.ConclusionThe triple combination of interventional treatment, PD-(L)1 inhibitor, and targeted therapy is an effective and safe approach for unresectable cHCC-CCA patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f33db750b3fe4db7ae84330aeb7123de |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f33db750b3fe4db7ae84330aeb7123de2025-08-20T02:37:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-07-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15911271591127Interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort studyYan-Song Lin0Yan-Song Lin1Li-Yan Wu2Li-Yan Wu3Li-Hui Lin4Xia Yang5Xia Yang6Fang-Yi Liu7Fang-Yi Liu8Yan-Qin Wu9Zhen Ding10Yu-Jing Liang11Yu-Jing Liang12Jing-Ping Yun13Jing-Ping Yun14State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, ChinaBackgroundEvidence-based treatment for unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) has not been established. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy (IIT) in unresectable cHCC-CCA patients.MethodsPatients with a histological diagnosis of unresectable cHCC-CCA who received IIT therapy from January 2019 to March 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. The study evaluated overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), tumor responses and safety.ResultsA total of 242 cHCC-CCA patients were screened and 51 patients were enrolled for analysis. The median follow-up duration was 15.8 months (95% CI: 12.0-19.7 months). The median OS was 17.8 months (95% CI: 12.4-23.2 months) and the median PFS was 8.9 months (95% CI: 5.8-12.0 months). For overall response, the objective response rate was 41.2% and 56.9% based on RECIST 1.1 and mRECIST, respectively. Patients with primary cHCC-CCA showed significantly prolonged OS (median OS: 21.4 months vs. 11.4 months, p = 0.011) and PFS (median PFS: 9.5 months vs. 4.1 months, p = 0.036) compared to those with recurrent cHCC-CCA. Patients with dominant HCC did not show significant differences for OS (p = 0.835) and PFS (p = 0.553) compared to those with dominant iCCA. Six patients (11.8%) experienced grade ≥3 adverse events, including leukopenia (n=1, 2.0%), neutropenia (n=1, 2.0%), thrombocytopenia (n=2, 3.9%), elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) (n=2, 3.9%), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (n=2, 3.9%), hypoalbuminemia (n=2, 3.9%), and hyperbilirubinemia (n=1, 2.0%). Immunotherapy was discontinued for two patients due to grade ≥3 elevations in ALT and AST.ConclusionThe triple combination of interventional treatment, PD-(L)1 inhibitor, and targeted therapy is an effective and safe approach for unresectable cHCC-CCA patients.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1591127/fullinterventional treatmentPD-(L)1 inhibitortargeted therapyunresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinomaoutcome |
| spellingShingle | Yan-Song Lin Yan-Song Lin Li-Yan Wu Li-Yan Wu Li-Hui Lin Xia Yang Xia Yang Fang-Yi Liu Fang-Yi Liu Yan-Qin Wu Zhen Ding Yu-Jing Liang Yu-Jing Liang Jing-Ping Yun Jing-Ping Yun Interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort study Frontiers in Immunology interventional treatment PD-(L)1 inhibitor targeted therapy unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma outcome |
| title | Interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort study |
| title_full | Interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort study |
| title_short | Interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort study |
| title_sort | interventional treatment combined with immunotargeted therapy in unresectable combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma a real world retrospective cohort study |
| topic | interventional treatment PD-(L)1 inhibitor targeted therapy unresectable combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma outcome |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1591127/full |
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