La reproducción de la "Icotea": (Pseudemys scripta callirostris), (Testudines Emydidae) La reproducción de la "Icotea": (Pseudemys scripta callirostris), (Testudines Emydidae)

1. The first exact data about reproduction of the Colombian Painted Turtle, Pseudemys scripta callirostris, are presented, based on studies carried out on 75 adults, 89 hatchlings and 276 eggs.<br />2. There exists a marked sexual dimorphism which comprises the size of the shell, length of tai...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Medem Federico
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidad Nacional de Colombia 1975-09-01
Series:Caldasia
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cal/article/view/34298
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:1. The first exact data about reproduction of the Colombian Painted Turtle, Pseudemys scripta callirostris, are presented, based on studies carried out on 75 adults, 89 hatchlings and 276 eggs.<br />2. There exists a marked sexual dimorphism which comprises the size of the shell, length of tail, and shape of shell and head. The Carapace length, taken in straight line, is up to 300.0 mm in ♀♀ and 252.0 mm in ♂ ♂, but generally less.<br />3. The mating season takes place between September and December.<br />4. Copulation takes place in quiet but deep water and lasts for about 2-3 minutes.<br />5. Only the hind legs are used to excavate the nest; the entire process (excavation, egg laying and covering of the hole) lasts between one hour, twenty minutes and four hours, twenty five minutes aproximately. (Figs. 1-2).<br />6. The flask-shaped nesting hole is up to 180.0 mm deep, 110.0 mm wide at the entrance and 130.0 mm wide at the bottom. (Table 1).<br />7. There are from 9-30 eggs to be found in a single nest which are deposited in 2-3-4 layers; the first eggs (last layer) are found in 67.0 mm-10.0mm depth. (Table 3).<br />8. The oblong, soft-shelled eggs are pinkish-white when recently laid, they show, moreover, a shallow concavity about 19.0 mm-21.0 mm long. In contrast, those already containing embryos have a less flexible shell, no concavity and are white. (Fig. 3-4).<br />9. The measurements and weight of 152 eggs comprises from 41.0:26.0 mm to 27.0:21.0 mm, and between 15 g, 670 mg and 5 g, 170 mg respectively. (Table 4).<br />10. The egg-laying season takes place principally between late December and late April; according to information there is a second one in August but to a lesser degree; dissected ♀♀ contained both eggs and numerous ovules. (Table 2).<br />11. The incubation period varies between 69 and 92 days. (Table 6).<br />12. Hatchlings are born from late april to early June. <br />13. The Carapace length ranges from 39.0 mm to 29.5 mm, and the weight varies between 13 g, 300 mg and 7 g, 60 mg. (Tables 7,8,9; fig. 5).<br />14. The egg caruncle normally disappears after 5-9 days, but in some cases it is already vestigial or even worn off at the day of hatching.<br />15. Growing rates of eight specimens between 1966 and 1971 are presented in table 7; however, these rates under natural conditions within the original habitat are still unknown.<br />16. Either natural enemies or, and mainly, human activities cause great losses every year. The eggs are eaten by certain mammals, birds and reptiles (Tupinambis nigropunctatus) ; hatchlings are sold in great quantities for exportation to pet shops, and adults are sold at the markets during the Holy Week, mostly ♀♀ containing eggs and stored since January.<br />17. The establishment of breeding stations and areas totally protected for breeding under natural conditions are recommended.<br>1.Se presentan los primeros datos exactos sobre la reproducci&oacute;n de la "Icotea", Pseudemys scripta callirostris, una tortuga de agua dulce&iexcl; end&eacute;mica en Colombia.<br />2. Se estudiaron 75 ejemplares adultos de ambos sexos, 89 cr&iacute;as y 276 huevos.<br />3. Existe un dimorfismo sexual marcado.<br />4. La &eacute;poca de celos se efect&uacute;a entre septiembre y diciemhre.<br />5. La c&oacute;pula se efect&uacute;a en aguas mansas y profundas y dura unos 2&middot;3 minutos.<br />6. Para la excavaci&oacute;n de los nidos se usan solamente las extremidades posteriores; la duruci&oacute;n del proceso total de excavaci&oacute;n, postura de huevos y tapamiento de hueco es variada; en dos casos dur&oacute; una hora y veinte minutos y cuatro horas veinticinco minutos respectivamente, (Figs. 1-2).<br />7. El nido tiene la forma de una botella redondeada en el centro, y sus dimensiones comprenden: Profurididad hasta 180.0 mm.; ancho (entrada )&nbsp; hasta 110.0 mm., y ancho (fondo) hasta 130.0 mm. (tabla 1).<br />8. La cantidad de huevos en un solo nido var&iacute;a entre 9 y 25; en varios casos se encontraron hasta 30, seg&uacute;n informes. (Figs. 3-4).<br />9. Estan depositados en 2&middot;3&middot;4 capas; los primeros huevos (&uacute;ltima capa ) se encuentran en una profundidad de 67.0 mm. a 10.0 mm. (tabla 3).<br />10. Son de forma oblonga; en los reci&eacute;n puestos la c&aacute;scara es blanda y su color blancuzco-rosado ; tienen, adem&aacute;s, una escotadura poco profunda&nbsp; de 19.0 mm-21.0 mm; en cambio, la c&aacute;scara de huevos con embriones es m&aacute;s dura, no tiene escotadura y su color es blanco, (Figs. 3.4).<br />11. Las dimensiones de 152 huevos varian entre 41.0:26.0 mm y 27.0:21.0 mm; el peso comprende de 15 g, 670 mg a 5g, 170 mg. (Tabla 4).<br />12. Se efect&uacute;an una o dos posturas al a&ntilde;o; en 4 ♀♀ disecadas se encontraron tanto huevos como &oacute;vulos de di&aacute;metro variado. (Tabla 2).<br />13. La &eacute;poca principal de anidaci&oacute;n se extiende de fines de diciembre a fines de abril; seg&uacute;n informes, la segunda se efect&uacute;a en agosto.<br />14. El periodo de incubaci&oacute;n var&iacute;a entre 69 y 92 dias. (Tabla 6).<br />15. La cr&iacute;a nace de fines de abril a principios de junio.<br />16. La longitud del Carapax cOmprende de 39.0 mm a 29.5 mm, y el peso fluct&uacute;a entre 13 g, 300 mg y 7 g, 60 mg. (Tablas 7, 8, 9; fig. 5).<br />17. El Ovirruptor, una peque&ntilde;a protuberancia epid&eacute;rmica situada en la punta del hocico, funciona para cortar tanto las membranas embriol&oacute;gicas como la&nbsp; c&aacute;scara del huevo; desaparece despues de 5-9 d&iacute;as por lo general.<br />18. Los datos sobre el crecimiento de ocho ejemplares entre 1966 y 1971 estan presentados en la tabla 7.<br />19. Tanto diferentes enemigos naturales como, especialmente, las actividades humanas&nbsp; causan anualmente grandes perdidas entre los huevos&nbsp; y ejemplares reci&eacute;n nacidos y adultos.<br />20. Se recomienda el establecimiento de criaderos debidamente mantenidos, vigilados y orientados por un personal cient&iacute;fico competente con fines de proteger m&aacute;s efectivamente a un elemento faun&iacute;stico end&eacute;mico.
ISSN:0366-5232