Dimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporter

Abstract Taurine is a conditionally essential nutrient and one of the most abundant amino acids in humans, with diverse physiological functions. The cellular uptake of taurine is primarily mediated by the taurine transporter (TauT), and its dysfunction leads to retinal regeneration, cardiomyopathy,...

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Main Authors: Yimin Zhang, Jiahui Chen, Nanhao Chen, Haolin Xiong, Zhengjiang Zhu, Dongxue Yang, Jingpeng Ge, Jie Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60967-z
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author Yimin Zhang
Jiahui Chen
Nanhao Chen
Haolin Xiong
Zhengjiang Zhu
Dongxue Yang
Jingpeng Ge
Jie Yu
author_facet Yimin Zhang
Jiahui Chen
Nanhao Chen
Haolin Xiong
Zhengjiang Zhu
Dongxue Yang
Jingpeng Ge
Jie Yu
author_sort Yimin Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Taurine is a conditionally essential nutrient and one of the most abundant amino acids in humans, with diverse physiological functions. The cellular uptake of taurine is primarily mediated by the taurine transporter (TauT), and its dysfunction leads to retinal regeneration, cardiomyopathy, neurological and aging-associated disorders. Here we determine structures of TauT in two states: the apo inward-facing open state and the occluded state bound with substrate taurine or γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In addition to monomer, the structures also reveal a TauT dimer, where two cholesterol molecules act as “molecular glue”, and close contacts of two TM5 from each protomer mediate the dimer interface. In combination with functional characterizations, our results elucidate the detailed mechanisms of substrate recognition, specificity and transport by TauT, providing a structural framework for understanding TauT function and exploring potential therapeutic strategies for taurine-deficiency-related disorders.
format Article
id doaj-art-f2ec54c22e004340a3a6bc2a15d4e0c2
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-1723
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publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
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spelling doaj-art-f2ec54c22e004340a3a6bc2a15d4e0c22025-08-20T03:03:37ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-07-0116111210.1038/s41467-025-60967-zDimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporterYimin Zhang0Jiahui Chen1Nanhao Chen2Haolin Xiong3Zhengjiang Zhu4Dongxue Yang5Jingpeng Ge6Jie Yu7Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesInterdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesCenter for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking UniversityInterdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesInterdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesDepartment of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversitySchool of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityInterdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of SciencesAbstract Taurine is a conditionally essential nutrient and one of the most abundant amino acids in humans, with diverse physiological functions. The cellular uptake of taurine is primarily mediated by the taurine transporter (TauT), and its dysfunction leads to retinal regeneration, cardiomyopathy, neurological and aging-associated disorders. Here we determine structures of TauT in two states: the apo inward-facing open state and the occluded state bound with substrate taurine or γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In addition to monomer, the structures also reveal a TauT dimer, where two cholesterol molecules act as “molecular glue”, and close contacts of two TM5 from each protomer mediate the dimer interface. In combination with functional characterizations, our results elucidate the detailed mechanisms of substrate recognition, specificity and transport by TauT, providing a structural framework for understanding TauT function and exploring potential therapeutic strategies for taurine-deficiency-related disorders.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60967-z
spellingShingle Yimin Zhang
Jiahui Chen
Nanhao Chen
Haolin Xiong
Zhengjiang Zhu
Dongxue Yang
Jingpeng Ge
Jie Yu
Dimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporter
Nature Communications
title Dimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporter
title_full Dimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporter
title_fullStr Dimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporter
title_full_unstemmed Dimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporter
title_short Dimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporter
title_sort dimerization and substrate recognition of human taurine transporter
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60967-z
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