Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study
BackgroundThe focus on remnant cholesterol (RC) has intensified because of its association with various diseases. In this study, we investigated the association between RC and depression in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsThe study involved 7,305 participants from the 2015 and 2018 waves of the...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1456370/full |
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| author | Yang Zhou Yan Lin Yanhui Yang Wang Lei Juan Xu Yuanzeng Zhu |
| author_facet | Yang Zhou Yan Lin Yanhui Yang Wang Lei Juan Xu Yuanzeng Zhu |
| author_sort | Yang Zhou |
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| description | BackgroundThe focus on remnant cholesterol (RC) has intensified because of its association with various diseases. In this study, we investigated the association between RC and depression in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsThe study involved 7,305 participants from the 2015 and 2018 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Based on the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), depression was indicated by scores ≥ 12. To assess the correlation between RC levels and depression, a logistic regression model that incorporated restricted cubic spline techniques was used.ResultsOf the study population, (mean age: 60.0 ± 9.5 years), 50.3% were female. From 2015 to 2018, the mean CESD-10 score increased from 6.31 ± 3.56 to 7.85 ± 5.23. Following adjustment for confounding factors, individuals in the higher RC level quartile exhibited a higher depression risk (Q3: odds ratio [OR]: 1.75, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.29–2.39; Q4: OR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.96–3.68, P for trend < 0.001), with a linear correlation between RC levels and depression (P for nonlinearity = 0.108). And the subgroup analysis yielded results consistent with the primary findings.ConclusionThis study revealed that in China, in middle-aged and older individuals, elevated RC levels were associated with a higher depression risk, suggesting RC is a promising target for depression prevention and treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f2583cac764b40f4b82477096ea16f3f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f2583cac764b40f4b82477096ea16f3f2025-02-03T05:11:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-02-011610.3389/fendo.2025.14563701456370Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort studyYang Zhou0Yan Lin1Yanhui Yang2Wang Lei3Juan Xu4Yuanzeng Zhu5Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of Endocrinology, The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Breast Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, ChinaDepartment of General Surgery, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, ChinaBackgroundThe focus on remnant cholesterol (RC) has intensified because of its association with various diseases. In this study, we investigated the association between RC and depression in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsThe study involved 7,305 participants from the 2015 and 2018 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Based on the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), depression was indicated by scores ≥ 12. To assess the correlation between RC levels and depression, a logistic regression model that incorporated restricted cubic spline techniques was used.ResultsOf the study population, (mean age: 60.0 ± 9.5 years), 50.3% were female. From 2015 to 2018, the mean CESD-10 score increased from 6.31 ± 3.56 to 7.85 ± 5.23. Following adjustment for confounding factors, individuals in the higher RC level quartile exhibited a higher depression risk (Q3: odds ratio [OR]: 1.75, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.29–2.39; Q4: OR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.96–3.68, P for trend < 0.001), with a linear correlation between RC levels and depression (P for nonlinearity = 0.108). And the subgroup analysis yielded results consistent with the primary findings.ConclusionThis study revealed that in China, in middle-aged and older individuals, elevated RC levels were associated with a higher depression risk, suggesting RC is a promising target for depression prevention and treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1456370/fullremnant cholesteroldepressionCHARLSmiddle-agedolder |
| spellingShingle | Yang Zhou Yan Lin Yanhui Yang Wang Lei Juan Xu Yuanzeng Zhu Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study Frontiers in Endocrinology remnant cholesterol depression CHARLS middle-aged older |
| title | Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study |
| title_full | Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study |
| title_short | Association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a population-based cohort study |
| title_sort | association between remnant cholesterol and depression in middle aged and older chinese adults a population based cohort study |
| topic | remnant cholesterol depression CHARLS middle-aged older |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1456370/full |
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